TABLE 1.
Baseline Characteristics of the ALS Cases and Controls within the EPIC Cohort
| Characteristic | Controls, n = 319 | ALS Cases, n = 107 |
|---|---|---|
| Age at recruitment, yr, median (range) a | 60.5 (34.6–76.1) | 60.4 (35.0–75.2) |
| Years between recruitment and ALS death, median (range) | — | 8.1 (1.0–15) |
| Sex, n (%) a | ||
| Male | 110 (34%) | 37 (35%) |
| Female | 209 (66%) | 70 (65%) |
| Country, n (%) a | ||
| France | 33 (10%) | 11 (10%) |
| Italy | 36 (11%) | 12 (11%) |
| Spain | 50 (16%) | 17 (16%) |
| United Kingdom | 93 (29%) | 31 (29%) |
| The Netherlands | 57 (18%) | 19 (18%) |
| Greece | 9 (2.8%) | 3 (2.8%) |
| Germany | 41 (13%) | 14 (13%) |
| Educational level, n (%) | ||
| None/primary | 106 (33%) | 50 (47%) |
| Technical | 72 (23%) | 14 (13%) |
| Secondary | 47 (15%) | 17 (16%) |
| University | 61 (19%) | 20 (19%) |
| Unknown | 33 (10%) | 6 (5.6%) |
| Smoking status at recruitment, n (%) | ||
| Never‐smoker | 164 (51%) | 53 (50%) |
| Former smoker | 104 (33%) | 35 (33%) |
| Current smoker | 43 (13%) | 17 (16%) |
| Unknown | 8 (2.5%) | 2 (1.9%) |
a
Matching variables.
ALS = amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.