Table 3.

Latent Change Analysis Predicting Change in Personality Traits From Baseline Memory in Each Individual Study and Meta-analysis

	Neuroticism	Extraversion	Openness	Agreeableness	Conscientiousness
WLSGa	0.001 (0.003)	–0.001 (0.003)	–0.004 (0.003)	0.001 (0.003)	0.001 (0.003)
WLSSa	–0.001 (0.005)	0.003 (0.004)	0.002 (0.004)	0.006 (0.004)	0.011* (0.004)
MIDUSb	–0.002 (0.003)	0.003 (0.002)	0.001 (0.002)	0.003 (0.002)	0.002 (0.002)
HRSb	–0.003 (0.001)	0.009*** (0.002)	0.009*** (0.002)	0.007*** (0.002)	0.009*** (0.002)
Meta-analysis
Random effect	–0.002** (0.0009)	0.004 (0.002)	0.002 (0.003)	0.004** (0.001)	0.005* (0.002)
95% CI	–0.004, –0.0008	–0.0006, 0.008	–0.003, 0.008	0.002, 0.007	0.0008, 0.010
Heterogeneity Tau	0	0.004	0.005	0.001	0.004

Notes: HRS = Health and Retirement Study (N = 6,038); MIDUS = Midlife in the United States (N = 1,901); WLSG = Wisconsin Longitudinal Study Graduates (N = 3,232); WLSS = Wisconsin Longitudinal Study Siblings (N = 1,570). Coefficients are unstandardized coefficients. SEs are in parentheses.

^aAdjusted for age, sex, and education. ^bAdjusted for age, sex, education, and race.

*p < .05, **p < .01, ***p < .001.