Table 1.
Characteristics (Mean ± SD or N [%]) of the MrOS Men by Median Split in D3Cr Muscle Mass/wgt
| Characteristics | Lower D3Cr Muscle Mass < 0.30(N = 712) | Higher D3Cr Muscle Mass/wgt ≥ 0.30(N = 713) | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 85.1 ± 4.2 | 83.3 ± 3.7 | <.001 |
| Race, nonwhite | 50 (7.0) | 91 (12.8) | <.001 |
| Alcohol intake, drinks/wk | .003 | ||
| <1 drink/wk | 375 (52.9) | 314 (44.2) | |
| 1–13 drinks/wk | 297 (41.9) | 362 (51.0) | |
| 14+ drinks/wk | 37 (5.2) | 34 (4.8) | |
| Smoking status | <.001 | ||
| Never smoker | 232 (32.6) | 306 (42.9) | |
| Past or current smoker | 441 (61.9) | 378 (53.0) | |
| Missing smoking data | 39 (5.5) | 29 (4.1) | |
| Number of comorbidities | <.001 | ||
| 0 | 412 (57.9) | 501 (70.3) | |
| 1 | 202 (28.4) | 164 (23.0) | |
| 2 or more | 98 (13.8) | 48 (6.7) | |
| History of congestive heart failure | 76 (10.7) | 40 (5.6) | <.001 |
| History of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 103 (14.5) | 64 (9.0) | .001 |
| History of diabetes mellitus | 134 (18.8) | 87 (12.2) | <.001 |
| History of myocardial infarction | 114 (16.0) | 75 (10.5) | .002 |
| Physical activity score (PASE) | 101.6 ± 61.7 | 134.2 ± 62.9 | <.001 |
| Exhaustion | 138 (19.4) | 57 (8.0) | <.001 |
| Modified Mini-Mental state (3MS) exam score | 91.7 ± 7.1 | 93.0 ± 6.5 | <.001 |
| Gait speed, m/s | 0.99 ± 0.25 | 1.15 ± 0.22 | <.001 |
| Number of chair stands in 10 s | 3.1 ± 1.9 | 4.3 ± 1.5 | <.001 |
| Maximum grip strength, kg | 34.1 ± 7.7 | 37.1 ± 7.7 | <.001 |
| Percent body fat | 30.6 ± 5.4 | 25.0 ± 5.1 | <.001 |
| Weight, kg | 83.7 ± 13.0 | 75.6 ± 10.5 | <.001 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 28.1 ± 3.8 | 25.6 ± 3.0 | <.001 |
| Weight change since baseline, kg | −4.0 ± 7.5 | −4.3 ± 6.1 | .517 |
| Excellent/good self-rated health | 606 (85.4) | 664 (93.3) | <.001 |
| Died during follow-up | 132 (18.9) | 65 (9.3) | <.001 |
| Incident difficulty with ADL tasks | 115 (25.0) | 67 (11.4) | <.001 |
| Incident ADL disability | 17 (2.9) | 4 (0.6) | .002 |
| Incident difficulty with IADL tasks | 140 (37.0) | 118 (22.4) | <.001 |
| Incident IADL disability | 94 (20.8) | 48 (8.0) | <.001 |
| Incident difficulty with mobility tasks | 131 (33.9) | 98 (17.0) | <.001 |
| Incident mobility disability | 89 (17.1) | 27 (4.2) | <.001 |
Notes: ADL = activity of daily living; IADL = instrumental ADLs. aIncidence for difficulty or disability all each ADL, IADL, or mobility tasks was significantly lower for those with higher D3Cr muscle mass/wgt except inability to feed oneself (this was not reported by any participant); inability to dress oneself; and inability to transfer; these events were rare (N < 6 in the entire cohort for each).