Table 1.
demographics and risk factors of participants with and without IBS
| Non-IBS | IBS | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |
| Total | 162 (85.3) | 28 (14.7) | 190 (100) |
| Gender | |||
| Male | 69 (83.1) | 14 (16.9) | 83 (43.7) |
| Female | 93 (86.9) | 14 (13.1) | 107 (56.3) |
| Ethnicity | |||
| Chinese | 107 (84.9) | 19 (15.1) | 126 (66.3) |
| Malay | 19 (90.5) | 2 (9.5) | 21 (11.0) |
| Indian | 26 (89.7) | 3 (10.3) | 29 (15.3) |
| Others | 10 (71.4) | 4 (28.6) | 14 (7.4) |
| Depression* | 28 (73.7) | 10 (26.3) | 38 (20) |
| Anxiety* | 63 (80.8) | 15 (19.2) | 78 (58.9) |
| Poor sleep quality# | 81 (82.7) | 17 (17.2) | 98 (51.6) |
| Semester | |||
| 6 | 33 (86.8) | 5 (13.2) | 38 (20.0) |
| 7 | 58 (84.1) | 11 (15.9) | 69 (36.3) |
| 8 | 11 (100) | 0 (0) | 11 (5.8) |
| 9 | 60 (83.3) | 12 (16.7) | 72 (37.9) |
*
The screening for depression and anxiety was based on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale score of > 7. # Screening for poor sleep quality was based on the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index