Table 1. Baseline characteristics of 1,609 children with MAM.
| Matrix | Soy quality | Milk protein | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CSB n = 800 |
LNS n = 809 |
Dehulled n = 800 |
Isolate n = 809 |
0% n = 541 |
20% n = 528 |
50% n = 540 |
|
| Sociodemographic characteristics | |||||||
| Age, months | 11 [8–16] | 12 [8–16] | 11 [8–16] | 11 [8–16] | 11 [8–16] | 11 [8–16] | 11 [8–16] |
| Sex, girls | 444 (56) | 435 (54) | 427 (53) | 452 (56) | 295 (55) | 287 (54) | 297 (55) |
| Breastfed at study inclusion | 755 (95) | 765 (95) | 754 (95) | 766 (95) | 515 (95) | 493 (93) | 512 (95) |
| Anthropometry | |||||||
| MUAC, mm | 123 (4) | 123 (4) | 123 (4) | 123 (4) | 122 (4) | 123 (4) | 123 (4) |
| WHZ | −2.2 (0.5) | −2.2 (0.5) | −2.2 (0.5) | −2.2 (0.5) | −2.2 (0.5) | −2.2 (0.5) | −2.2 (0.5) |
| HAZ | −1.6 (1.1) | −1.7 (1.1) | −1.7 (1.1) | −1.7 (1.1) | −1.7 (1.1) | −1.7 (1.1) | −1.7 (1.2) |
| Inclusion criteria | |||||||
| WHZ only | 171 (21) | 166 (21) | 168 (21) | 169 (21) | 111 (21) | 110 (21) | 116 (22) |
| MUAC only | 225 (28) | 243 (30) | 226 (28) | 242 (30) | 154 (28) | 143 (27) | 171 (32) |
| WHZ and MUAC | 404 (51) | 400 (49) | 406 (51) | 398 (49) | 276 (51) | 275 (52) | 253 (47) |
| Hb, g/dL | 10.0 (1.6) | 10.0 (1.6) | 10.0 (1.6) | 10.1 (1.6) | 10.1 (1.6) | 10.0 (1.7) | 10.0 (1.6) |
| Morbidity | |||||||
| Illness within the last 2 weeks (n = 1,599) | 303 (38) | 305 (38) | 318 (40) | 290 (36) | 207 (39) | 206 (39) | 195 (36) |
| CRP ≥ 10 mg/L (n = 1,564) | 188 (24) | 191 (24) | 196 (25) | 183 (23) | 132 (25) | 136 (27) | 111 (21) |
| MDAT z-scores (n = 1,608) | |||||||
| Gross motor domain | −0.38 (1.06) | −0.41 (1.02) | −0.40 (1.04) | −0.39 (1.04) | −0.41 (1.03) | −0.39 (0.99) | −0.38 (1.09) |
| Fine motor domain | 0.54 (1.16) | 0.54 (1.09) | 0.51 (1.11) | 0.56 (1.14) | 0.55 (1.13) | 0.49 (1.07) | 0.58 (1.16) |
| Language domain | −0.92 (1.10) | −0.90 (1.02) | −0.93 (1.01) | −0.88 (1.10) | −0.88 (1.04) | −0.94 (0.99) | −0.89 (1.14) |
Data are mean (SD), median [IQR], or n (%).
CRP, C-reactive protein; CSB, corn–soy blend; HAZ, height-for-age z-score; Hb, haemoglobin; IQR, interquartile range; LNS, lipid-based nutrient supplements; MAM, moderate acute malnutrition; MDAT, Malawi Development Assessment Tool; MUAC, mid-upper arm circumference; SD, standard deviation; WHZ, weight-for-height z-score.