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. 2020 Oct 29;9:e62071. doi: 10.7554/eLife.62071

Figure 5. Increases in blood volume and arterial diameter during NREM and REM sleep.

(A) Average change in total hemoglobin ∆[HbT] within the ROI. Circles represent individual hemispheres of each mouse, diamonds represent population averages, with error bar showing ±1 standard deviation (n = 14 mice, 28 hemispheres). (B) Average change in peak arteriole diameter ∆D/D (%) (n = 6 mice, 29 arterioles for whisking; n = 6 mice, 21 arterioles for contiguous NREM; n = 5 mice, 10 arterioles for contiguous REM). (C) Average change in volumetric flux (∆Q/Q, %) measured with laser Doppler flowmetry during different arousal states (n = 8 mice). (D) Probability distribution of ∆[HbT] during each arousal state. (E) Probability distribution of ∆D/D (%) during each arousal state. (F) Probability distribution of ∆Q/Q (%) during each arousal state. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001 GLME.

Figure 5.

Figure 5—figure supplement 1. Isoflurane drives larger vasodilations than sleep.

Figure 5—figure supplement 1.

Example showing the blood volume and neural changes accompanying transitions between NREM and awake states followed by administration of isoflurane. Isoflurane is a potent vasodilator and causes the cortical vasculature to reach a maximum or near-maximum saturation in blood volume. (A) Plot of nuchal muscle EMG power and body motion via a pressure sensor located beneath the mouse. Large oscillations in EMG are due to heavy breathing during anesthesia. (B) Plot of the whisker position and heart rate. (C) Changes in total hemoglobin ∆[HbT] within the ROIs over the putative vibrissa cortex. Inset shows images of the two windows and respective ROIs. (D) Normalized left vibrissae cortex LFP power (∆P/P). (E) Normalized right vibrissae cortex LFP power. (F) Normalized CA1 LFP power. (G) Average change in total hemoglobin ∆[HbT] within the ROI during different arousal states. Circles represent individual hemispheres of each mouse and diamonds represent population averages, with error bar showing ±1 standard deviation (n = 14 mice, 28 hemispheres; Isoflurane: n = 9, 18 hemispheres). *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001 GLME.