Video 3. Arousal and associated changes in neural activity and hemodynamics during REM sleep.

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Whisker motion, IOS reflectance, and eye camera activity are shown alongside measurements of neural activity and hemodynamics. The transition into the REM state shows an increase in whisker motion and an increase heart rate, similar to the awake state. The eye remains open. The neural activity in the hippocampal theta band and upper frequencies of cortical neural activity increase while [HbT] increases substantially.