TABLE 6.

Biohybrids/TI.

Product	Cell types	Description	Format	Model	Cell survival
Hyaluronic acid/methylcellulose [1]	RSC-derived rods	Improved cell survival, integration and migration, improved rod survival and visual function	hydrogel	mouse	3 w
Hyaluronic acid/methylcellulose [2]	RSCs	Superior cell distribution in subretinal space	hydrogel	mouse	4 w
IPM [3]	hRPCs	hRPCs attached well and differentiated into photoreceptors IPM showed no cytotoxicity	scaffold	in vitro	1 w
MMP2–PLGA polymer [4]	RPCs	RPCs differentiated into photoreceptors	scaffold	in vitro	2 w
MMP2–PLGA polymer [4]	RPCs	RPCs differentiated into photoreceptors and migrated to the outer nuclear layer of mice retina	scaffold	mouse	2 w
PCL [5]	Primary mouse embryonic RPCs	Localized to the outer nuclear layer and expressed appropriate photoreceptor markers	film	mouse	–
PCL [6]	Primary mouse embryonic RPCs	Supported cell growth, some migration and differentiation	scaffold	mouse	>4 w
PCL-extracellular matrix of the retina [7]	hRPCs	hRPCs adhered well and differentiated to photoreceptors	scaffold	in vitro	1 w
PLLA/PLGA [8]	GFP+ mouse RPCs	RPCs-seeded demonstrated effectiveness and increasing progenitor cell survival	scaffold	mouse	4 w
Polycaprolactone [9]	RPCs	Scaffold showed good retention of cells and good permeability	scaffold	in vitro	1 w
Polycaprolactone [10]	RPCs	RPCs integrated well in the outer nuclear layer and showed photoreceptor fate markers	scaffold	mouse	3 w
Polydimethylsiloxane and poly(glycerol-sebacate) [11]	hPSCs-PRs	Good polarization of PRs and robust survival 3 months post-seed	scaffold	in vitro	12 w
Poly (glycerol sebacate) [12]	Primary mouse embryonic RSPC	Transplanted cell migration into retina and maturation	scaffold	mouse	4 w
Poly-L-lysine, fibronectin, laminin, hyaluronic acid, and matrigel [13]	RPCs	RPCs showed good adhesion in the named substrates	scaffold/matrix	in vitro	–
Poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) [14]	GFP+ mouse RSPC	PMMA scaffolds and transplanted into the sub-retinal space, biocompatible and non-toxic, retained RPE cells better during transplant, integrated cells expressed mature and immature markers	scaffold	mouse	1 w
Vitronectin- PCL [15]	hRPCs	hRPCs differentiated into photoreceptors and migrated to the outer nuclear layer of mice retina	film/scaffold	mouse	3 w

Biomaterials-encapsulated progenitor cells/photoreceptors. RPE, retinal pigment epithelium; RSCs, retinal stem cells; hRPCs, human retinal progenitor cells; RPCs, retinal progenitor cells; IPM, interphotoreceptor matrix; MMP2, matrix metallopeptidase 2; PLGA, poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid); PCL, poly caprolactone; PLLA, poly(L-lactic acid); PMMA, poly(methyl methacrylate); GFP, green fluorescent protein; hPSCs-PRs, human progenitor stem cells-derived photoreceptors. [1] (Shoichet et al., 2015); [2] (Ballios et al., 2010); [3] (Kundu et al., 2018): [4] (Tucker et al., 2010); [5] (Yao et al., 2015); [6] (Redenti et al., 2008); [7] (Baranov et al., 2014); [8] (Tomita et al., 2005); [9] (Sodha et al., 2011); [10] (Yao et al., 2015); [11] (Liu et al., 2014; Stanzel et al., 2014); [12] (Redenti et al., 2009); [13] (Thakur et al., 2018); [14] (Tao et al., 2007); [15](Lawley et al., 2015).