TABLE 1.

Analgesic effects of different resolvins in distinctive TRP channels for inflammatory and neuropathic pain.

Research article	Pain type	Resolvin	TRP channel	Results	Potential mechanisms
Bang et al., 2010	Inflammatory	RvD1	TRPA1 TRPV3 TRPV4	↓activities the three TRP channels at nanomolar and micromolar levels **No effects of FPR2/ALX agonists on the three TRP channels
Xu et al., 2010	Inflammatory	RvE1 RvD1	TRPV1	↓EPSC frequency increases induced by capsaicin, with the ChemR23 agonist ↓EPSC frequency increase by TNF-α and NMDAR hyperactivity with RvE1	RvE1 modulates the ERK signaling pathway to abolish TNF-α-evoked NMDA receptor hyperactivity in dorsal horn neurons
Park et al., 2011b	Inflammatory	RvD1 RvD2 RvE1	TRPV1 TRPA1	↓sEPSC increases both TRP channels with RvD2 at extremely low doses (compared to RvD1/E1) **No effect of RvD2 when GPCRs are blocked	Distinct mechanisms of the resolvins in regulating TRP channels RvD2 involves specific GPCRs
Luo et al., 2019	Neuropathic (CIPN induced) Inflammatory (**RvD5 only)	RvD1 RvD2 RvD5	TRPA1 TRPV1 (**Knock-out mice)	↓ neuropathic pain behaviors, with RvD1/D2 ** only in male mice, with RvD5 ↓inflammatory pain behaviors in male mice only with RvD5	Sex dimorphism of RvD5’s analgesia in both pain models

CFA, complete Freund’s adjuvant; CIPN, chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy; EPSC, excitatory postsynaptic current; ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase; FPR2/ALX, formyl peptide receptor 2; GPCRs, G-protein coupled receptors; NMDAR, N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor; RvE, resolvin E; RvD, resolvin D; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; TRP, transient receptor potential. ** Indicates supplementary information.