Table 5.
Associations between symptoms (claudication vs. rest pain or ulcer) and clinical parameters in male patients.
| Claudication | Rest pain or Ulcer | P | OR | 95%CI | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 35 | 21 | |||
| Age (years) | 68.41 [8.73] | 68.76 [11.59] | 0.886 | ||
| BMI (kg/m2) (n = 45) | 26.95 [6.00] | 28.26 [7.00] | 0.516 | ||
| Previous invasive treatments for LEAD | 16 (45.7) | 8 (38.1) | 0.577 | ||
| Ankle brachial index (n = 48) | 0.50 [0.21] | 0.30 [0.29] | <0.0001 | ||
| Toe pressure (mmHg) (n = 47) | 52.00 [26.00] | 34.50 [23.00] | <0.0001 | ||
| Risk factors | |||||
| Smoking status | |||||
| Never | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | – | ||
| Current smoker | 12 (35.3) | 9 (42.9) | 0.575 | ||
| Ex-smoker | 22 (64.7) | 12 (57.1) | 0.583 | ||
| Diabetic | 13 (37.1) | 12 (57.1) | 0.145 | ||
| Hypertensive | 28 (80.0) | 20 (95.2) | 0.235 | ||
| Dyslipidemia | 32 (91.4) | 20 (100.0) | 0.293 | ||
| Coronary artery disease | 12 (34.3) | 8 (38.1) | 0.773 | ||
| Cerebrovascular disease | 2 (5.7) | 2 (9.5) | 0.626 | ||
| Medications | |||||
| ACE inhibitors/ATR blockers | 26 (74.3) | 19 (90.5) | 0.179 | ||
| Aspirin | 27 (77.1) | 13 (61.9) | 0.222 | ||
| Clopidogrel | 2 (5.7) | 0 (0.0) | 0.523 | ||
| Statins | 25 (71.4) | 15 (71.4) | 1.000 | ||
| Warfarin | 2 (5.7) | 2 (14.3) | 0.352 | ||
| Laboratory results | |||||
| Hemoglobin (g/L) (n = 55) | 144.00 [17.00] | 133.00 [32.50] | 0.150 | ||
| Total leukocyte count (10E9/L) (n = 55) | 7.40 [2.30] | 8.30 [1.70] | 0.101 | ||
| Thrombocytes (10E9/L) (n = 55) | 222.50 [86.30] | 281.00 [76.00] | 0.017 | ||
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 3.70 [1.10] | 4.30 [1.35] | 0.058 | ||
| Low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (mmol/L) (n = 56) | 1.80 [0.80] | 2.30 [1.20] | 0.005 | ||
| High-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (mmol/L) (n = 56) | 1.06 [0.40] | 1.14 [0.50] | 0.774 | ||
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 11.23 [1.22] | 1.50 [1.50] | 0.187 | ||
| High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (mg/L) | 0.99 [1.54] | 4.47 [8.48] | <0.0001 | ||
| Glomerular filtration rate (μmol/L) (n = 55) | 87.77 [18.77] | 82.45 [33.54] | 0.835 | ||
| Area percentage of OM (categorical) | 0.023a | ||||
| Lowest group | 17 (48.6) | 5 (23.8) | |||
| Middle group | 11 (31.4) | 6 (28.6) | 0.030b | 3.636 | 1.105–11.969 |
| Highest group | 7 (20.0) | 10 (47.6) | 0.022c | 4.857 | 1.212–19.466 |
Note. Data are presented as median [IQR] or number of study subjects (%). Information of each clinical parameter was available for all male patients unless otherwise stated.
OM, osteoid metaplasia; BMI, body mass index; LEAD, lower extremity artery disease.
a
Linear-by-linear association.
b
The middle group vs. the lowest group.
c
The highest group vs. the lowest group.