Table 1. Comparison between light and heavy weight balls in joint angles (degrees).
| Light weight ball | Heavy weight ball | p-value | ||
| Stride foot contact | ||||
| Elbow extension | 77.8 ± 21.0 | 77.3 ± 19.5 | 0.590 | |
| Shoulder abduction | 70.9 ± 17.0 | 72.1 ± 18.0 | 0.346 | |
| Shoulder horizontal adduction | −25.4 ± 13.3 | −25.9 ± 16.1 | 0.301 | |
| Shoulder external rotation | 33.1 ± 29.5 | 31.0 ± 32.8 | 0.477 | |
| Trunk rotation | 26.8 ± 8.6 | 26.9 ± 7.8 | 0.816 | |
| Trunk forward tilt | −3.7 ± 5.1 | −3.3 ± 5.5 | 0.394 | |
| Trunk lateral tilt | 3.5 ± 8.3 | 3.0± 8.0 | 0.622 | |
| Maximum external rotation | ||||
| Elbow extension | 88.7 ± 16.3 | 87.9 ± 17.0 | 0.498 | |
| Shoulder abduction | 94.6 ± 10.3 | 95.8 ± 10.1 | 0.022* | |
| Shoulder horizontal adduction | 11.7 ± 8.1 | 12.7 ± 9.0 | 0.305 | |
| Shoulder external rotation | 146.2 ± 13.3 | 146.9 ± 14.9 | 0.271 | |
| Trunk rotation | −2.3 ± 6.5 | −3.0 ± 6.6 | 0.170 | |
| Trunk forward tilt | 17.8 ± 7.2 | 18.5 ± 6.7 | 0.248 | |
| Trunk lateral tilt | −16.5 ± 7.4 | −17.1 ± 7.1 | 0.095 | |
| Ball release | ||||
| Elbow extension | 150.3 ± 7.4 | 149.2 ± 8.8 | 0.176 | |
| Shoulder abduction | 94.2 ± 9.2 | 94.7 ± 9.3 | 0.293 | |
| Shoulder horizontal adduction | 10.5 ± 8.6 | 11.5 ± 9.6 | 0.303 | |
| Shoulder external rotation | 98.3 ± 12.8 | 101.1 ± 14.4 | 0.171 | |
| Trunk rotation | −13.8 ± 7.6 | −15.0 ± 7.8 | 0.062 | |
| Trunk forward tilt | 26.7 ± 7.9 | 27.4 ± 7.9 | 0.299 | |
| Trunk lateral tilt | −23.4 ± 8.2 | −24.2 ± 7.7 | 0.076 | |
*p<0.05; data are mean ± SD.