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. 2020 Dec 11;32(12):816–822. doi: 10.1589/jpts.32.816

Table 4. Comparison between light and heavy weight balls in temporal parameters (%pitching cycle).

Light weight ball Heavy weight ball p-value
Maximum elbow varus torque 75.45 ± 4.75 74.55 ± 5.05 0.251
Maximum shoulder internal rotation torque 78.00 ± 4.58 77.20 ± 4.93 0.192
Maximum shoulder external rotation angle; MER 79.15 ± 4.22 79.00 ± 4.78 0.837
Maximum ball reaction force 89.90 ± 2.43 87.75 ± 5.12 0.040*
Maximum elbow flexion angular velocity 91.60 ± 2.85 91.90 ± 3.52 0.445
Maximum shoulder internal rotation angular velocity 104.90 ± 2.12 105.69 ± 2.19 0.007**

*p<0.05, **p<0.01; data are mean ± SD.