Table 3. Normal left ventricular dimension, volumes and functional parameters.
| Parameters | CT LV reference values | MR LV reference values | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kang et al.*, 2017; 172 patients | Stolzmann et al.**, 2008; 120 patients | Maffei et al.**, 2012; 79 patients | De Graaf et al.*, 2010; 114 patients | Palumbo et al.**, 2010; 181 patients | Kara et al.**, 2016; 40 patients | Kawel-Boehm et al., 2015 | ||||||
| Males | Females | Males | Females | Males | Females | |||||||
| LV dimensions (cm) | ||||||||||||
| LVID | 4.8±0.53 | 4.8±0.57 | 4.5±0.5 | 4.4±0.5 | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||
| SWT | 1.08±0.18 | 0.90±0.17 | 0.9±0.2 | 0.8±0.1 | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||
| PWT | 0.91±0.15 | 0.78±0.10 | 0.9±0.2 | 0.8±0.2 | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||
| LV volume | ||||||||||||
| LV EDV (mL) | 112.9±26.1 | 98.2±21.0 | 144±38 | 115±7 | – | 146±40 | – | 160±27 | 132±23 | |||
| LV EDVi (mL/m2) | 62.2±13.9 | 60.3±10.9 | – | – | 74±21 | – | 71±19 | – | 81±12 | 76±10 | ||
| LV ESV (mL) | 41.7±14.7 | 33.7±12.2 | 47±19 | 40±12 | 61±30 | – | 54±14 | 44±11 | ||||
| LV ESVi (mL/m2) | 23.0±8.3 | 20.8±7.5 | – | – | 37±19 | – | 35±18 | – | 26±6 | 24±5 | ||
| LV mass (g) | 145.0±29.1 | 107.9±20.0 | 167±38 | 129±29 | – | – | – | 143.6±50 | 134±21 | 98±21 | ||
| LV MI (g/m2) | 79.6±14.0 | 66.2±11.0 | 86±18 | 68±13 | 57±18 | – | 56±18 | – | 67±9 | 61±10 | ||
| LV function | ||||||||||||
| SV (mL) | 71.4±18.2 | 64.9±15.1 | 95±29 | 76±18 | – | – | – | – | 108±18 | 87±15 | ||
| SI (mL/m2) | 39.3±9.4 | 39.8±7.7 | – | – | 37±13 | – | – | – | 54±6 | 52±7 | ||
| CO (L/min) | 4.3±1.0 | 4.2±0.9 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||
| CI (L/min/m2) | 2.4±0.5 | 2.5±0.5 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||
| EF (%) | 63.4±7.7 | 66.4±7.6 | 66±9 | 66±7 | 52±14 | 60±10 | 53±15 | 61.5±12.1 | 67±5 | 67±5 | ||
Data are expressed as mean ± SD. *, papillary muscles and subendocardial trabeculae included in the LV mass. **, papillary muscles and subendocardial trabeculae included in the LV volume. CI, cardiac index; CO, cardiac output; EDV, end-diastolic volume; EDVi, end-diastolic volume index; EF, ejection fraction; ESV, end-systolic volume; ESVi, end-systolic volume index; ID, inner diameter; LV, left ventricle; MI, mass index; PWT, posterior wall thickness; SI, stroke index; SV, stroke volume; SWT, septal wall thickness.