Table 2. CSF Protein Comparison of Normotensive Pregnant and Nonpregnant Women Analyzed with the Scaffold Method^a,b.

protein name	gene name	t-test	up/down in CO	fold change (CO/NP)	pregnancy hits	total literature hits	ratio pregnancy/total hits	weighted score	reference of first publication
prolactin	PRL	2.50 × 10–3	up	2.79	3624	48741	0.07	269.45	10.1210/endo-17-6-689
pregnancy zone protein	PZP	<1.00 × 10–4	up	1.74	197	197	1.00	197.00	10.1016/0002-9378(64)90712-4
fibronectin	FN1	2.20 × 10–3	down	0.91	643	4640	0.14	89.11	Kuusela et al., 1978
pregnancy-specific β-1-glycoprotein 1	PSG1	<1.00 × 10–4	up	43.41	34	62	0.55	18.65	10.1016/0006-291X(89)91105-4
sex hormone-binding globulin	SHBG	<1.00 × 10–4	up	15.56	273	5300	0.05	14.06	Rager et al., 1972
disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 12	ADAM12	2.60 × 10–3	up	4.44	67	357	0.19	12.57	10.1002/pd.762
pregnancy-specific β-1-glycoprotein 9	PSG9	<1.00 × 10–4	up	21.26	13	14	0.93	12.07	10.1021/bi00496a009
pregnancy-specific β-1-glycoprotein 11	PSG11	<1.00 × 10–4	up	11.88	11	16	0.69	7.56	Kuroki et al., 1991
ceruloplasmin	CP	2.50 × 10–3	up	1.16	221	7444	0.03	6.56	10.3181/00379727-98-24117
pregnancy-specific β-1-glycoprotein 4	PSG4	<1.00 × 10–4	up	17.27	9	15	0.60	5.40	10.1016/0006-291X(89)91105-4
chorionic somatomammotropin hormone 1	CSH1	<1.00 × 10–4	up	81.57	21	90	0.23	4.90	10.1373/49.9.1445
pregnancy-specific β-1-glycoprotein 3	PSG3	<1.00 × 10–4	up	16.56	11	26	0.42	4.65	10.1016/0006-291X(90)91455-2
putative pregnancy-specific β-1-glycoprotein 7	PSG7	<1.00 × 10–4	up	21.41	6	9	0.67	4.00	10.1016/0006-291X(90)92103-7
serum albumin	ALB	<1.00 × 10–4	down	0.81	540	86  597	0.01	3.37	10.1111/j.0954-6820.1921.tb15205.x
vitamin D binding protein	GC	9.00 × 10–4	up	1.14	62	1731	0.04	2.22	10.1210/jcem-45-2-225
72 kDa type IV collagenase	MMP2	<1.00 × 10–4	up	1.43	90	4325	0.02	1.87	PubMed ID: 11042903
insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3	IGFBP3	8.30 × 10–3	up	1.80	32	1128	0.03	0.91	10.1007/BF02211374
pregnancy-specific β-1-glycoprotein 2	PSG2	<1.00 × 10–4	up	20.53	6	40	0.15	0.90	10.1016/0006-291X(90)91455-2
afamin	AFM	6.00 × 10–4	up	1.34	9	96	0.09	0.84	10.1002/pd.2040
glutathione peroxidase 3	GPX3	<1.00 × 10–4	up	2.73	20	488	0.04	0.82	Sunde et al., 1998
β-2-microglobulin	B2M	7.00 × 10–4	up	1.23	55	3794	0.01	0.80	10.3109/00365518109090529
bone marrow proteoglycan	PRG2	<1.00 × 10–4	up	5.90	5	33	0.15	0.76	10.1095/biolreprod.110.090209
somatostatin	SST	2.00 × 10–4	up	2.30	153	32  876	0.00	0.71	Kumasaka et al., 1978
collagen α-1(III) chain	COL3A1	4.20 × 10–3	down	0.47	24	890	0.03	0.65	10.1002/(SICI)1096-8628(19990212)82:4<305::AID-AJMG6>3.0.CO;2-C
histidine-rich glycoprotein	HRG	<1.00 × 10–4	down	0.33	16	415	0.04	0.62	10.3181/00379727-158-40265
insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2	IGFBP2	<1.00 × 10–4	down	0.69	17	505	0.03	0.57	10.1210/endo-127-5-2270
glutathione S-transferase P	GSTP1	2.10 × 10–3	up	1.82	43	3348	0.01	0.55	10.3109/10641959909023074
apolipoprotein A-I	APOA1	2.00 × 10–4	up	1.34	30	1725	0.02	0.52	PubMed ID: 8364102
corticosteroid-binding globulin	SERPINA6	5.00 × 10–4	up	1.56	4	33	0.12	0.48	10.1002/bdra.20843
insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 5	IGFBP5	<1.00 × 10–4	down	0.36	13	371	0.04	0.46	10.1095/biolreprod62.5.1415
collagen α-1(I) chain	COL1A1	4.00 × 10–4	down	0.71	34	2994	0.01	0.39	PubMed ID: 2886666
collagen α-2(I) chain	COL1A2	<1.00 × 10–4	down	0.71	21	1270	0.02	0.35	PubMed ID: 2886666
α-1-antitrypsin	SERPINA1	<1.00 × 10–4	up	1.49	11	349	0.03	0.35	10.1016/j.ajog.2008.07.006
endothelial protein C receptor	PROCR	1.30 × 10–3	up	3.20	5	82	0.06	0.30	10.1160/TH-09-04-0224
growth arrest-specific protein 6	GAS6	1.40 × 10–3	up	2.55	15	750	0.02	0.30	10.1152/ajplung.1998.275.6.L1184
transgelin	TAGLN	<1.00 × 10–4	up	3.56	6	143	0.04	0.25	10.1530/REP-09-0208
apolipoprotein E	APOE	<1.00 × 10–4	up	1.27	69	19  608	0.00	0.24	PubMed ID: 8725150
clusterin	CLU	<1.00 × 10–4	down	0.80	22	2311	0.01	0.21	10.1210/endo.136.12.7588296
serotransferrin	TF	<1.00 × 10–4	up	1.16	7	253	0.03	0.19	10.1042/bj2570231
V-set and immunoglobulin domain-containing protein 4	VSIG4	6.00 × 10–4	up	3.66	3	55	0.05	0.16	10.3321/j.issn:0529-567x.2008.09.004
adipocyte enhancer-binding protein 1	AEBP1	<1.00 × 10–4	down	0.20	3	64	0.05	0.14	10.1371/journal.pone.0027795
lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronic acid receptor 1	LYVE1	1.80 × 10–3	up	1.56	4	115	0.03	0.14	10.1095/biolreprod.108.067975
extracellular superoxide dismutase [Cu–Zn]	SOD3	5.40 × 10–3	down	0.85	8	487	0.02	0.13	10.1016/j.placenta.2010.02.007
ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 2	ENPP2	1.40 × 10–3	down	0.86	4	123	0.03	0.13	10.1095/biolreprod.112.099564
renin receptor	ATP6AP2	<1.00 × 10–4	down	0.36	3	73	0.04	0.12	10.1016/j.placenta.2014.09.004
14-3-3 protein zeta/delta	YWHAZ	<1.00 × 10–4	up	2.19	6	349	0.02	0.10	10.1016/j.placenta.2004.09.009
fibulin-2	FBLN2	4.00 × 10–3	down	0.58	2	39	0.05	0.10	10.1007/s00018-014-1577-4
pleiotrophin	PTN	<1.00 × 10–4	down	0.17	8	627	0.01	0.10	10.1210/endo.142.2.8111
WAP four-disulfide core domain protein 2	WFDC2	3.70 × 10–3	up	2.38	2	40	0.05	0.10	10.1111/j.1525-142X.2007.00175.x
inter-α-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H4	ITIH4	1.60 × 10–3	up	1.27	3	122	0.02	0.07	10.1530/rep.0.1260621
interleukin-6 receptor subunit β	IL6ST	4.30 × 10–3	up	1.75	3	154	0.02	0.06	10.1530/REP-08-0437
β-2-glycoprotein 1	APOH	<1.00 × 10–4	down	0.82	3	166	0.02	0.05	10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2010.06.013
polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 2	GALNT2	<1.00 × 10–4	up	3.41	2	77	0.03	0.05	10.1289/ehp.1307892
cadherin-18	CDH18	1.10 × 10–3	up	1.45	1	20	0.05	0.05	10.1016/j.tjog.2018.08.023
l-lactate dehydrogenase A chain	LDHA	8.20 × 10–3	up	2.36	7	1008	0.01	0.05	10.1016/j.placenta.2006.11.011
insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7	IGFBP7	<1.00 × 10–4	down	0.70	4	364	0.01	0.04	10.1371/journal.pone.0045224
peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase A	PPIA	2.00 × 10–4	up	1.97	4	424	0.01	0.04	10.1186/1471-2199-10-100
heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein	HSPA8	3.20 × 10–3	up	1.85	3	246	0.01	0.04	10.1007/s11033-012-2104-z
profilin-1	PFN1	2.00 × 10–4	up	3.03	3	258	0.01	0.03	10.1371/journal.pone.0031418
glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase	QPCT	1.30 × 10–3	up	3.53	1	34	0.03	0.03	10.3390/nu10040417
cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript protein	CARTPT	2.30 × 10–3	up	2.23	1	36	0.03	0.03	10.1038/ijo.2015.38
procollagen C-endopeptidase enhancer 1	PCOLCE	<1.00 × 10–4	down	0.26	1	36	0.03	0.03	10.1089/scd.2013.0334
complement factor D	CFD	<1.00 × 10–4	down	0.38	2	156	0.01	0.03	10.1371/journal.pone.0125346
peptidyl-glycine α-amidating monooxygenase	PAM	4.90 × 10–3	up	1.24	1	45	0.02	0.02	10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.10.007
apolipoprotein A-II	APOA2	1.80 × 10–3	up	1.46	2	188	0.01	0.02	10.1262/jrd.18002
matrix gla protein	MGP	3.60 × 10–3	down	0.42	4	863	0.00	0.02	10.1111/j.1834-7819.1994.tb01379.x
α-enolase	ENO1	<1.00 × 10–4	up	2.68	4	922	0.00	0.02	10.1076/apab.110.1.94.897
cadherin EGF LAG seven-pass G-type receptor 2	CELSR2	<1.00 × 10–4	down	0.30	1	87	0.01	0.01	10.3389/fgene.2019.00540
spondin-1	SPON1	<1.00 × 10–4	down	0.23	1	90	0.01	0.01	10.1071/RD18114
ATP-binding cassette subfamily A member 2	ABCA2	<1.00 × 10–4	up	5.21	1	92	0.01	0.01	10.1074/jbc.M611056200
lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 2	LAMP2	3.00 × 10–4	up	1.79	2	471	0.00	0.01	10.1016/j.amjcard.2011.09.024
thrombospondin-2	THBS2	2.80 × 10–3	down	0.26	1	161	0.01	0.01	10.1262/jrd.2016-056
basal cell adhesion molecule	BCAM	4.60 × 10–3	up	2.14	1	176	0.01	0.01	10.3233/CH-2011-1525

^aA reference to the literature was included to define the association of the particular protein in pregnancy.

^bA total number of 135 proteins was found with a p-value of less than p = 0.0086 (Benjamini–Hochberg) when comparing the normotensive pregnant women with nonpregnant women. Seventy-three (out of 135) proteins were described in the literature as being associated with pregnancy listed above. Each protein was ranked to their weighted score in the Scopus citation database search (November 2019) related to pregnancy. In the last column, the first published paper is listed. As an example, prolactin has the highest score for a protein described to associate with pregnancy. Proteins (n = 62) with zero counts (no association with pregnancy) for the weighted score are shown in Table S3, Supporting Information. CO = normotensive pregnant women; NP = nonpregnant women.