Table 1.

Characteristics of selected articles and its summary

First author	Country and Sample	Study design and trial duration (months)	Type of alopecia and assessment tool (diagnosis and follow-up)	Intervention (treatment)	Control (comparator)	Measured outcomes	Findings
I. alopecia androgenetic
Beach[26]	Canada and 18	Case series; patients’ average duration of prescription was 6 months	Androgenetic and traction alopecia; clinical diagnosis and patients’ report	OM* 1.25 mg, QD†	Patients after therapy were compared to baseline condition	Patient’s report (hair shedding and scalp hair) and side effects	33% of patients reported decreased hair shedding28% of patients reported increased scalp hair
Jimenez-Cauhe[27]	Spain and 41	Quasi-experimental; mean duration of treatment was 53 weeks	Androgenetic alopeciaClinical diagnosis and trichoscopy	OM of 2.5 mg-5.0 mg	Patients after therapy were compared to baseline condition	Photographic documentation pre- and posttreatment and side effects	14.6% of patients showed marked improvement24.3% had mild improvement (monotherapy group)
Lueangarun[28]	Thailand and 30	Quasi-experimental; duration of treatment was 24 weeks	Androgenetic alopecia; clinical diagnosis, Norwood-Hamilton scale, patient’s report	OM 5.0 mg, QD	Patients after therapy were compared to baseline condition	7-point scale photography documentation, hair count, hair diameter, patient’s self-assessment	Photographic assessment revealed 100% improvementIncreased total hair count at the vertex from baseline to 26.0 hairs/cm2 (14.25%) and 35.1 hairs/cm2 (19.23%) (P=0.007) at week 12 and 24, respectively
Ramos[29]	Brazil and 50	Randomized controlled study; duration of treatment was 24 weeks	Female-pattern hair loss; clinical diagnosis and trichoscopy	OM 1. 0 mg, QD	Topical minoxidil 5%, one a day	Pre- and post-treatment photographic documentation, Sinclair’s hair-shedding score, hair density, WAA-WoL¶ and side effects	Slight/great photographic evaluation improvement in 70% of patients using OMIncreased total hair count from baseline (164.6 hairs/cm2) to 184.7 hairs/cm2 at week 24Increased total terminal hair count from baseline (106. hairs/cm2) to 112.6 hairs/cm2 at week 24Improvement in the WAA-WoL
Tanaka[30]	Japan and 18.918	Quasi-experimental; duration ranged from 6 to 12 months	Androgenetic alopecia; clinical diagnosis and patients’ report	Combination therapy (OF** 1.0 mg, QD + OM 2.5 mg + TM§, BID + injectable treatment)	Patients after therapy were compared to baseline condition	Patients’ report, pre- and posttreatment photographic documentation, and side effects	60% and 80% of patients reported satisfaction with the results of the treatment after 6 and 12 months, respectively;
Sinclair[31]	Australia and 100	Case series; treatment duration of 12 months	Female-pattern hair loss; clinical diagnosis	OM 0.25 mg, QD and spironolactone 25 mg, QD	Patients after therapy were compared to baseline condition	Sinclair’s hair-shedding score, hair density, blood pressure, side effects	Reduction in hair loss severity score was perceived for the treatment period (12 months)
II. Alopecia areata
Fiedler-Weiss[32]	USA and 65	Quasi-experimental; mean time for cosmetic response 34.8 weeks	Alopecia areata; clinical diagnosis and scalp biopsy	OM 5.0mg, BID‡	Patients after therapy were compared to baseline condition	Cosmetic response (terminal hair regrowth) and side effects	Cosmetic response was seen in 18% of patients
Wambier[33]	USA and 12	Quasi-experimental; at least 6 months	Alopecia areata; clinical diagnosis, SALT	OT|| 5.0 mg-20 mg, BID, and OM 2.5 mg, QD (women) and BID (men)	Patients after therapy were compared to baseline condition	SALT# and side effects	67% of patients achieved SALT75 (≥75% scalp hair regrowth) and 4 achieved SALT 11-74 (11%-74% scalp hair regrowth)
III. Telogen effluvium
Perera[34]	Australia and 36	Quasi-experimental; duration ranged from 6 to 12 months	Telogen effluvium; clinical diagnosis, patients’ report and scalp biopsy	Compounding OM 0.25 mg-2.5 mg, QD	Patients after therapy were compared to baseline condition	Sinclair’s hair shedding score and side effects	Reduction in hair shedding score from baseline to 6 months of 1.7 (P<0.001) and to 12 months of 2.58 (P<0.001)

*Oral minoxidil, ^†Quaque die (once a day), ^‡Bis in die (twice a day), ^§Topical minoxidil, ^||Oral tofacitinib, ^¶ WAA-WoL: Women’s Androgenetic Alopecia Quality of Life Questionnaire, ^#SALT: Severity of Alopecia Tool, **Oral finasteride