Table 5.

Comparative studies of neoadjuvant chemohormonal therapy and radical prostatectomy versus immediate radical prostatectomy alone for high-risk prostate cancer

Author	Year	Study design	Total patients	Clinical risk	Eligibility criteria	Neoadjuvant therapy	Undetectable PSA (%)	Stage pT0 (%)	Stage pT4 (%)	Stage pN1 (%)	PSM (%)	BCR (%)	10-year OS
Pan	2019	Retrospective study	177	Very high risk or locally advanced	>cT3a disease or primary Gleason pattern 5 or ≥5 cores with Gleason sum 8-10 or PSA ≥50 ng/mL or with pelvic metastatic lymph node involvement	4-6 cycles of goserelin acetate/bicalutamide/docetaxel every 3 weeks (nCHT) versus goserelin acetate/bicalutamide (nADT) versus immediate RP	RP 48 nADT 73 nCHT 81	RP 0 nADT 9 nCHT 17	RP 30 nADT 14 nCHT 19	RP 30 nADT 14 nCHT 19	RP 32 nADT 22 nCHT 17	RP 81 nADT 47 nCHT 14	-
Narita	2019	Retrospective propensity matched	56 matched pairs	High-risk	cT3 disease or PSA ≥15 ng/mL, or any Gleason pattern 5	Complete androgen blockage, 6 cycles docetaxel and entramustine versus immediate RP	-	-	-	-	-	RP 45 (approx.) nCHT 70 (approx.)	-
Eastham	2009	Randomized Trial	391 nCHT versus 297 immediate RP	High-risk	Stage T3-T4 disease or Gleason score ≥8, or PSA >20 ng/mL	Neoadjuvant ADT and docetaxel versus immediate RP	-	-	-	-	-	-	RP 74% nCHT 80%

ADT=Androgen deprivation therapy, PSA=Prostate specific antigen, nCHT=Neoadjuvant chemohormonal therapy, nADT=Neoadjuvant ADT, RP=Radical prostatectomy,