| CBA | cytometric bead array |
| CFU | colony forming units |
| CLSI | Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute |
| HPF | high-power fields |
| IFN | interferon |
| IL | interleukin |
| iNOS | inducible nitric oxide synthase |
| LOS | lipooligosaccharide |
| LPS | lipopolysaccharide |
| MIC | minimal inhibitory concentration |
| NF | nuclear factor |
| PBS | phosphate-buffered saline |
| p.i. | post-infection |
| Rt | transmural electrical resistance |
| TLR | Toll-like receptor |
| TNF-α | tumor necrosis factor-α |
| Th-1 cells | T helper-1 cells |