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. 2020 Nov 25;13(12):423. doi: 10.3390/ph13120423

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Schematic representation of the paracrine effects of exosomes derived from SHED. Exosomes derived from osteogenic-conditioned SHED induce PDLSCs osteogenic differentiation via the activation of Wnt/β-catenin and BMP/Smad signaling pathways. : increase; all the other arrows indicate the direction of the flow; BMP2: Bone morphogenetic protein 2; PDLSCs: periodontal ligament stem cells; SHED: stem cells from exfoliated deciduous teeth; SMAD: small mother against decapentaplegic; Wnt3a: Wingless-related integration site family member 3A. See text for explanation [132].

Inline graphic — Schematic representation of the paracrine effects of exosomes derived from SHED. Exosomes derived from osteogenic-conditioned SHED induce PDLSCs osteogenic differentiation via the activation of Wnt/β-catenin and BMP/Smad signaling pathways. : increase; all the other arrows indicate the direction of the flow; BMP2: Bone morphogenetic protein 2; PDLSCs: periodontal ligament stem cells; SHED: stem cells from exfoliated deciduous teeth; SMAD: small mother against decapentaplegic; Wnt3a: Wingless-related integration site family member 3A. See text for explanation [132].