Table 3.

Summary of clinical trials with EVs as an intervention (source: clinicaltrials.gov).

EVs Source	Condition	Drug	Administration Route	Dose Reported	Phase	Study Identifier
MSCs	Cerebrovascular disorders/stroke	miR-124	i.v.	200 µg protein	1/2	NCT03384433
MSCss	Alzheimer Disease	no	nasal drip	5 μg–20 μg	1/2	NCT04388982
MSCs	Periodontitis	no	local	not reported	early 1	NCT04270006
MSCs	Neuralgia	no	i.v. epineurally	45 mg, 15 mg	n/a	NCT04202783
MSCs	Depression	no	i.v.	21 million cells	n/a	NCT04202770
MSCs	Diabetes Mellitus Type 1	no	i.v.	1.2 × 1010 –1.51 × 1010 particles/kg	2/3	NCT02138331
MSCs	Chronic Ulcer	no	topical	not reported	1	NCT04134676
Plasma	Ulcer	no	topical	not reported	Early 1	NCT02565264
MSC	Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa	no	topical	not reported	1/2	NCT04173650
MSCs	Multiple Organ Failure	no	i.v.	150 mg once a day for 14 times	n/a	NCT04356300
MSCs	Healthy	no	inhalation	2 × 108–20 × 108 particles/3 ml	1	NCT04313647
Plant	Colon Cancer	curcumin	oral	not reported	1	NCT01294072
Plant	Polycystic Ovary Syndrome	no	oral	not reported	n/a	NCT03493984
Grape	Head and Neck Cancer Oral Mucositis	no	oral	not reported	1	NCT01668849
DCs	Non Small Cell Lung Cancer	MHC class I- class II- cancer antigens	i.v.	53–2422 μg protein/injection	2	NCT01159288
MSCs	Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma	KRAS G12D siRNA	i.v.	days 1, 4, and 10 (dose not reported)	1	NCT03608631
MSCs	SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia	no	inhalation	2 × 108 particles/3 mL	1	NCT04276987
MSCs	SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia	no	inhalation	0.5 × 1010–2 × 1010 particles/3 ml	1/2	NCT04491240
Bone marrow	SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia	no	i.v.	not reported	2	NCT04493242
Human amniotic fluid	SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia	no	i.v.	2 × 1010 –5 × 1010 particles	1/2	NCT04384445
MSCs	Dry Eye	no	eye drop	10 µg/drop	1/2	NCT04213248
MSCs	Macular Holes	no	drop	50 μg or 20 μg	early 1	NCT03437759
COVID-19 Specific T Cells	SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia	no	inhalation	2 × 1018 particles/3 mL	1	NCT04389385