Figure 1.

Evaluation of DNA damage using the Comet Assay following in vitro exposure of rat (a) and human sperm (b) to aged CeO₂ NMs. Tested concentrations: 0, 1, 10, 100, and 1000 µg·L⁻¹ of aged CeO₂ NMs, POS (110 µM H₂O₂, positive control). p < 0.05, for differences compared versus *: negative control (NEG); a: vs. 10 µg·L⁻¹ CeO₂ NMs; b: vs. 100 µg·L⁻¹ CeO₂ NMs; c: vs. 1000 µg·L⁻¹ CeO₂ NMs. In each condition, the main central line corresponds to the median of the points and the two other lines correspond to 1st and 3rd quartiles.