Table 5.

Respondent’s perception and attitudes on the drivers of antimicrobial use and resistance in animal farming.

Variables with Respective Response	N (%)	Sex		Age		Education Level		Experience in Farming
		Χ2	p-Value	Χ2	p-Value	Χ2	p-Value	Χ2	p-Value
Use of combination of drugs is necessary for effective treatment of animal diseases (True)	73(64.6)	7.35	0.007 *	0.53	0.85	0.57	0.75	0.19	0.66
Antimicrobials used in humans are also used domestic pig and poultry farming (True)	55(48.7)	7.53	0.006 *	6.16	0.04 *	8.37	0.004 *	1.15	0.28
Private veterinary drug sellers leads to uncontrolled handling and use of veterinary drugs (True)	81(71.7)	2.40	0.12	0.43	0.81	1.88	0.59	0.96	0.33
Antimicrobials are used to enhance growth of poultry and/or domestic pig (True)	67(59.3)	3.01	0.99	0.17	0.92	3.91	0.27	0.42	0.52
Inadequate veterinary/extension services contributes to drugs administration by farmers (True)	108 (95.6)	0.13	0.72	0.92	0.63	20.82	0.000 *	4.15	0.04 *
It is better to have a stock of veterinary drugs at home (True)	56(49.6)	0.88	0.53	1.06	0.58	1.01	0.79	4.07	0.04 *
Inadequate of knowledge on infection, prevention, and control of animal diseases (True)	105(92.9)	1.02	0.89	4.53	0.10	12.78	0.005 *	2.02	0.16
Profit maximization necessitate misuse of antimicrobials to shorten period of poultry/domestic pig farming (True)	69 (61.1)	2.42	0.12	0.72	0.7	16.15	0.001 *	1.21	0.64
Awareness of withdrawal periods among poultry/ domestic pig farmers (True)	82(72.6)	3.12	0.07	3.39	0.18	0.38	0.94	1.06	0.3

* Significant p value < 0.05; Χ² = Chi square test.