Table 3.

Principal component analysis of maternal and child factors during pregnancy and DNA methylation levels in five-year-old offspring (n = 63).

	Individual	Chip	Array Position	RCT Group	Maternal Age (years)	Maternal Weight (kg)	Maternal BMI	Smoking in Pregnancy	Maternal Ethnicity	Child Sex	Gestational Age (weeks)	Birth Weight (kg)
PC1 correlation	−0.056	0.131	0.392 *	0.163	−0.094	0.064	0.016	−0.175	0.087	−0.076	−0.056	−0.084
PC1 p-value	0.662	0.306	0.002 *	0.202	0.465	0.620	0.904	0.171	0.497	0.556	0.665	0.512
PC2 correlation	−0.047	−0.002	0.232	−0.194	−0.069	−0.103	−0.084	0.015	−0.011	0.040	0.241	−0.116
PC2 p-value	0.713	0.985	0.067	0.128	0.590	0.421	0.515	0.905	0.929	0.757	0.058	0.364
PC3 correlation	−0.110	−0.137	0.685 *	−0.046	−0.035	0.088	0.078	0.055	0.073	0.073	−0.167	−0.018
PC3 p-value	0.392	0.283	0.000 *	0.720	0.783	0.495	0.543	0.671	0.571	0.568	0.190	0.887
PC4 correlation	−0.101	0.234	0.083	−0.154	0.003	0.064	0.111	−0.053	0.069	−0.002	0.041	0.152
PC4 p-value	0.430	0.065	0.519	0.228	0.982	0.620	0.385	0.681	0.589	0.989	0.750	0.234
PC5 correlation	−0.296 *	0.316 *	0.151	0.012	−0.016	0.018	0.007	−0.099	0.010	−0.042	−0.148	−0.035
PC5 p-value	0.019 *	0.012 *	0.237	0.923	0.903	0.890	0.957	0.438	0.935	0.746	0.247	0.786
PC6 correlation	−0.132	0.109	−0.147	−0.192	−0.191	−0.044	−0.011	−0.013	−0.068	−0.303 *	−0.018	0.155
PC6 p-value	0.304	0.394	0.251	0.132	0.133	0.730	0.929	0.921	0.594	0.016 *	0.886	0.225
PC7 correlation	0.048	0.179	0.051	−0.078	−0.039	−0.125	−0.152	0.011	−0.029	−0.362 *	−0.030	0.127
PC7 p-value	0.709	0.160	0.689	0.545	0.762	0.328	0.235	0.929	0.822	0.004 *	0.816	0.323
PC8 correlation	−0.117	−0.210	0.065	0.009	0.039	0.018	0.047	−0.013	0.070	0.198	0.246	−0.088
PC8 p-value	0.360	0.099	0.612	0.944	0.761	0.890	0.713	0.918	0.583	0.120	0.052	0.494
PC9 correlation	0.035	0.155	0.000	−0.057	0.146	−0.176	−0.167	−0.011	−0.009	0.009	−0.058	−0.064
PC9 p-value	0.787	0.225	1.000	0.658	0.255	0.169	0.192	0.931	0.944	0.944	0.652	0.621
PC10 correlation	0.055	0.142	0.067	0.236	0.013	−0.168	−0.155	−0.012	0.023	−0.223	0.035	0.139
PC10 p-value	0.668	0.268	0.602	0.063	0.921	0.188	0.225	0.924	0.856	0.080	0.787	0.278

BMI: body mass index; PC: principal component; RCT: randomized control trial. * Significant at p < 0.05.