4E-BP1	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1
AA	arachidonic acid
ALA	α-linolenic fatty acid
ALS	amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
AMPK	AMP-activated protein kinase
ApcMin/+	adenomatous polyposis coli, multiple intestinal neoplasia
ASCO	American Society of Clinical Oncology
ATF4	activating transcription factor 4
BMI	body mass index
BWL	body weight loss
C26	Colon adenocarcinoma 26
CC	cancer-induced cachexia
CRP	C-reactive protein
DHA	docosahexaenoic acid
EGCG	epigallocatechin-3-gallate
EPA	eicosapentaenoic acid
ESPEN	European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism
Fbxo	F-Box protein
FDA	Food and Drug Administration
FFAs	free fatty acids
FoxO3	forkhead box O3
GDF	growth differentiation factor
GPR120	G-protein-coupled receptor 120
GPx	glutathione peroxidase
H2O2	hydrogen peroxide
HMGB1	High Mobility Group Box 1
HHE	4-hydroxyhexenal
HIF-1α	hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha
HNE	hydroxy-4-nonenal
HO-1	heme oxygenase-1
IGF1	insulin-like growth factor 1
IL	interleukin
IL-1ra	IL-1 receptor antagonist
IRS1	insulin receptor substrate 1
LIF	leukemia inhibitory factor
LLC	Lewis lung carcinoma
MAC16	murine adenocarcinoma 16
MAPK	mitogen-activated protein kinase
MCFA	medium-chain fatty acid
MDA	malondialdehyde
MENAC	multimodality exercise/nutrition anti-inflammatory treatment for cachexia
mTOR	mammalian target of rapamycin
MuRF1	muscle RING-finger protein-1
MUSA1	muscle ubiquitin ligase of SCF complex in atrophy 1
NAC	N-acetyl cysteine
Nfe2l2	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2
NF-kB	nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
NOS	nitric oxide synthases
NOX	NADPH oxidases
Nrf-2	nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2
O2•−	superoxide anion
OH•	hydroxyl free radical
OS	oxidative stress
PBS	phosphate-buffered saline
PGC1α	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α
PI3K	phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase
PIF	proteolysis-inducing factor
PPARγ	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
PUFAs	polyunsaturated fatty acids
ROS	reactive oxygen species
S6K	ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta 1
SCF	Skp, Cullin, F-box
SIRT1	silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1
SOD	superoxide dismutase
Sparc	Secreted protein acidic and cysteine rich
STAT3	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3
sTNF-r	soluble TNF receptor
Tak1	transforming growth factor-β activated kinase
TGFβ	transforming growth factor beta
TLR4	Toll-like receptor 4
TMZ	trimetazidine
TNFα	tumor necrosis factor alpha
TORC1	mTOR complex
TRAF6	TNF receptor-associated factor 6
TWEAK	TNF-related weak inducer of apoptosis
UCP	uncoupling proteins
UPS	ubiquitin proteasome system
WB-EMS	whole-body electromyostimulation