Table 4.
Complications and outcomes of patients with GCM treated with MCS alone or in combination with immunosuppression.
| Complications and Outcomes 1 | MCS alone (n = 16) | MCS + IS (n = 27) | Total (n = 43) | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Complications | ||||
| At least one infectious adverse event | 1/2 (50.0) | 5/10 (50.0) | 6/12 (50.0) | 1.00 |
| Recurrent GCM | 2/16 (12.5) | 3/27 (11.1) | 5/43(11.6) | 1.00 |
| Recurrent GCM after OHT | 0/16 (0.0) | 2/27 (7.4) | 2/43 (4.7) | 0.71 |
| New dual-chamber pacemaker placed | 1/16 (6.3) | 3/27 (1.1) | 4/43 (9.3) | 0.34 |
| Renal failure | 1/16 (6.3) | 1/19 (5.3) | 2/35 (5.7) | 0.90 |
| Severe hemorrhage | 1/1 (100.0) | 1/3 (33.3) | 2/4 (50.0) | 1.00 |
| Outcomes | ||||
| Transplant | 7/15 (46.7) | 17/26 (65.38) | 24/41 (58.5) | 0.24 |
| Time from diagnosis to transplant (days) | 175 (123, 270) | 70 (48, 247) | 104 (58, 255) | 0.35 |
| Overall mortality at the end of follow-up | 11/16 (68.8) | 11/27 (40.7) | 22/43 (51.2) | 0.14 |
| 30-day mortality | 8/16 (50.0) | 5/27 (18.5) | 13/43 (30.2) | 0.07 |
| One-year survival | 5/16 (31.2) | 16/22 (72.7) | 21/38 (55.3) | 0.03 |
| Duration of follow up (months) | 1.8 (1.0, 14.0) | 24.0 (3.5, 36.2) | 11.5 (1.0, 34.5) | 0.06 |
1 All values are reported as n (%) or median (IQR). Abbreviations—MCS: mechanical circulatory support, IS: immunosuppression, GCM: giant cell myocarditis, OHT: orthotopic heart transplantation, LVAD: left ventricular assist device.