Table 1.
Descriptive characteristics of the participants relative to gender.
| Variable | All (N = 1149) | Boys (N = 523) | Girls (N = 626) | p-Value * |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (year) | 9.3 ± 1.7 | 9.3 ± 1.6 | 9.4 ± 1.7 | 0.365 |
| Body weight (kg) | 32.8 ± 11.3 | 32.4 ± 11.1 | 33.2 ± 11.5 | 0.246 |
| Body height (cm) | 133.2 ± 11.4 | 133.3 ± 10.5 | 133.0 ± 12.1 | 0.608 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 18.1 ± 3.9 | 17.8 ± 4.0 | 18.3 ± 3.9 | 0.055 |
| Breakfast intake (days/week) | 3.76 ± 2.3 | 3.75 ± 2.3 | 3.76 ± 2.2 | 0.778 |
| BMI category (%) | 0.093 | |||
| Underweight | 15.4 | 17.9 | 13.3 | |
| Normal weight | 55.9 | 54.7 | 56.9 | |
| Overweight | 19.4 | 17.5 | 21.1 | |
| Obesity | 9.3 | 10.0 | 8.8 | |
| Overweight + obesity | 28.7 | 27.5 | 29.8 |
Data are means ± standard deviations or percentage. * MANCOVA tests while controlling for socioeconomic status (Wilks’ Lambda for gender = 0.017). Chi Squares tests for the differences in proportions (BMI category).