Table 1.

Type of cellulosic particles with their morphology and crystallinity index range.

Type of Cellulose Particles		Sources	Derivation Methods	Particles Size		Crystallinity Index (%)	Ref.
				ℓ (µm)	W (nm)
Bacterial cellulose (BC)	Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)	Low molecular weight sugars and alcohols	Bacterial synthesis with the presence of Gluconacetobacter xylinus	>1	30–50	65–79	[13,32,48]
Fibrillated cellulose (FC)	Microfibrillated cellulose (MFC)	Wood pulp, potato peel, sugar beet, hemp	Mechanical disintegration produced by high pressure and/or shearing forces of mechanical fibrillated after pretreatment	0.5–50	10–100	51–69	[49]
	Nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC)			0.5–2	4–20	-	[50]
Crystalline cellulose (CC)	Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC)	Cotton, softwood pulp, rice husk, rice straw, wheat straw, empty fruit brunch, ramie, corn stalk, some form of algae and bacteria	Purified cellulosic fibers undergo chemical (acid) hydrolysis after complete dissolution of the non-crystalline fraction	10–50	10–20	80–85	[51]
	Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC)			0.05–0.5	3–5	54–90	[45,52]

ℓ = length; w = width; ref. = references.