Table 3.

Mechanical properties in terms of elastic modulus (E), tensile strength at break (σ_b), elongation at break (ε_b), and toughness (T) of the YAPCK210 film and active multilayer films with and without cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) coatings in transversal (TD) and machine direction (MD).

Sample	Direction Measure	E (MPa)	${\mathit{\sigma }}_{\mathit{b}} \left(\mathbf{MPa}\right)$	${\mathit{\epsilon }}_{\mathit{b}} (\%)$	T (mJ/m3)
YPACK210 film	TD	2066 ± 284 a	23.1 ± 1.8 a	173 ± 26 a	40.99 ± 8.21 a
Active multilayer with CNC		1491 ± 207 b	20.0 ± 1.4 b	59.1 ± 56 b	11.95 ± 12.3 b
Active multilayer without CNC		1446 ± 190 b	19.2 ± 1.2 b	51.6 ± 45 c	10.36 ± 9.78 c
YPACK210 film	MD	2510 ± 98 a	29.6 ± 1.4 a	76.3 ± 25 a	19.17 ± 6.99 a
Active multilayer with CNC		1828 ± 184 b	23.5 ± 0.7 b	45.6 ± 34 b	9.67 ± 7.67 b
Active multilayer without CNC		1811 ± 79 b	22.28 ± 1.1 b	32.3 ± 17 c	6.87 ± 3.54 c

a–c: Different superscripts within the same column indicate significant differences among samples (p < 0.05).