Figure 1.

Survivorship (±SEM) of female Trissolcus japonicus provided egg masses retrieved from three apple orchard locations (border row, interior row, and untreated woodline) where the border row was treated with clothianidin (A) or bifenthrin (B) in 2018. Pairwise comparisons of female survivorship provided egg masses retrieved from the untreated woodline (control), and other egg mass deployment locations were calculated via a Dunnett’s test (p < 0.05); significant differences are indicated with an asterisk.