Table 1.
Recent progress of other small-scale harvesters.
| Type | Area Power Density | Pressure or Seismic Mass | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| PVDF/KNN/ZnO electrospun nanofibers | 11.31 μW/cm2 | ~1 kPa | [43] |
| PVDF/BT nanoparticles | 120 μW/cm2 | ---- | [44] |
| ZnSnO3 nanowires/PDMS | 230 μW/cm2 | >100 N | [45] |
| MASnBr3/PDMS | 74.52 μW/cm2 | ~0.5 MPa | [46] |
| IXPP ferroelectret (33-mode) | 57.32 μW/cm2 | 33.7 g | [47] |
| FEP ferroelectret (out-of-plane type) | 150 μW/cm2 | 10 g | [48] |
| Cross-tunnel FEP ferroelectret (33-mode) | 0.12 μW/cm2 | 69.5 g | [49] |
| Parallel tunnel FEP ferroelectret (33-mode) | 462.5 μW/cm2 | 80 g | [50] |
| Parallel tunnel FEP ferroelectret (31-mode) | 95.83 μW/cm2 | 2 g | [28] |
| Parallel tunnel FEP ferroelectret (31-mode) advanced design | 272.5 μW/cm2 | 0.3 g | [22] |
| Cantilever-based parallel tunnel FEP ferroelectret (31-mode) | 106.7 μW/cm2 | 4.5 g | [29] |
| Concentric tunnel FEP ferroelectret (33-mode) | 331 μW/cm2 | 33.4 g | This work |
| Concentric tunnel FEP ferroelectret (31-mode) | 2.12 μW/cm2 | 2.0 g | This work |