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. 2020 Dec 2;12(12):3609. doi: 10.3390/cancers12123609

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Chemopreventive agents stimulate the metabolic inactivation of chemical carcinogens. The cytochrome P450 (CYP)-catalysed activation of benzo[a]pyrene to the epoxidated ultimate carcinogen and its metabolism by EPHX1, AKR1C1 and UGTs is shown in panel (A). The CYP-catalysed activation of aflatoxin B₁ to the epoxidated ultimate carcinogen and its metabolism by GST A5-5 and AKR7A1 is shown in panel (B).