Table 3.

HPLC detection methods for cysteamine.

Derivatization Agent	Stationary Phase	Mobile Phase	Flow Rate (mL/min)	Detector 1	T (°C)	Elution Time (min)	Limit of Detection	Ref.
2-chloro-1-methylquinolinium tetrafluoroborate	C18 (5 μm; 4.6 mm × 150 mm)	Gradient elution or isocratic elution (trichloro acetic acid and acetonitrile)	1	UV	25	9	0.1 μM	[76]
Monobromo-bimane	C18 (5 μm; 4.6 mm × 150 mm)	Gradient elution (methanol, acetic acid and water)	1.5	FL	RT	12.5	nmol	[68]
Monobromo-bimane	C18 (3 μm; 4.6 mm × 150 mm)	Acetonitrile	1.5	FL	RT	4.3	50 nM	[69]
Monobromo-bimane	C18 (5 μm; 2.1 mm × 100 mm)	Water: methanol (65:35)	0.3	FL	-	11	2 nM	[70]
Ammonium 7-fluorobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole-4-sulphonate	C18 (8–10 μm; 3.9 mm × 300 mm)	Gradient elution (methanol and sodium acetate)	1	FL	RT	10	0.07 pmol	[71]
Ammonium 7-fluorobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole-4-sulphonate	C18 (5 μm; 2.0 mm × 250 mm)	Phosphate buffer: CH3CN (96:4)	0.3	FL	30	5	0.47 μM	[72]
N-(1-pyrenyl) maleimide	C18 (5 μm; 4.6 mm × 250 mm)	Acetonitrile: water (70:30)	1	FL	RT	10	0.01 nM	[77]
7-chloro-N-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2,1,3- benzoxadiazole-4-sulfonamide	C18 (2 nm, 4.6 mm × 150 mm)	Gradient elution (water, acetonitrile and trifluoroacetic acid)	0.6	FL	50	6.4	154 fmol	[79]
4-fluoro-7-sulfamoyl benzofurazan	C18 (3 μm; 3.9 mm × 150 mm)	2.5% methanol and ammonium acetate	1	FL	-	-	-	[80]
6-aminoquinolyl-N-hydroxysuccinimidyl carbamate	C18 (5 μm; 2.1 mm × 150 mm)	Gradient elution (sodium acetate and trimethyl- amine, acetonitrile and water)	0.3	FL	RT	29	0.77 pmol	[81]
-	C18 (5 μm; 4.6 mm × 250 mm)	NaHpSO in phosphoric acid:acetonitrile (85:15)	1	UV	25	6.9	0.032 μg	[64]
5,5′-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic) acid	C18 (5 μm, 4.6 mm × 250 mm)	Gradient elution (formic acid and acetonitrile)	1.0	UV	RT	26	3.3 mg	[82]

¹ FL: HPLC coupled with fluorescence detection; UV: HPLC coupled with UV detection; RT: Room temperature.