Table 2.

The roles of PRDM factors in the neuronal system.

PRDM Protein	Nervous System Function	References
PRDM1/BLIMP-1	Leads to specialization and identity of photosensory neurons (directly reduces Chx10 expression).	[94,95,96,97]
PRDM2	Monomethylates H3K9 in neurons of the rat dorsomedial prefrontal cortex and is involved in alcohol dependence.	[98]
PRDM3/EVI1	Caenorhabditis elegans egl-43 protein (ortholog of PRDM3) is required for the proper development of phasmid neurons (mechanism unknown).	[99]
	Knock-out mice exhibit malformation of neuronal development during mouse embryo growth (mechanism unknown).	[100]
	The overexpression of Prdm3 triggers neurogenesis in P19 cell line (direct mechanism unknown, high expression of Mash1, Ngn1, NeuroD1 observed).	[101]
	Gene knock-out leads to precocious neuronal differentiation in the P19 cells (direct mechanism unknown, increased expression of MAP2 and β-III TUBULIN).	[102]
	Hamlet (Drosophila melanogaster PRDM3 and PRDM16 homolog) removes notch-dependent fate signature during neuronal-class diversification via direct chromatin-modification.	[103]
	Regulates homeostatic synaptic plasticity by downregulation of miR-124.	[104]
PRDM4	Controls neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation by protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5).	[50]
PRDM5	Enhances neuronal apoptosis triggered by lipopolysaccharide (direct mechanism unknown).	[105]
	Low expression associated with neurotherapeutic effects of miR-182/7a in spinal cord injury (SCI) model.	[106]
	Overexpression increases abnormalities mediated by WNT signaling during the development of anterior neural structures in Danio rerio.	[107]
PRDM8	Along with BHLHB5 creates a transcriptional repressor complex required for normal development of specific neural circuits.	[90]
	Regulates promoter activity of Prkca and thus retinal bipolar cell development and survival.	[108]
	Controls the morphological changes at the multipolar phase during neocortex development by indirect repression of guidance molecules, like EPHA6, NRP2, and EBF3.	[89]
	Gene knock-out impairs development of neocortical neurons (direct mechanism unknown, deregulation of Fgf5, Hmcn1, Antxr2, and Slc15a2 gene expression).	[26]
PRDM12	Orchestrates sensory neuron development and specification in part by dimethylation of H3K9 (target genes unknown).	[91,109]
PRDM13	Generates neuronal specification by repression of bHLH transcriptional activators.	[110]
	Inhibits glutamatergic and promotes GABAergic neuronal development in the neural tube by repressing Ascl1 activation of Tlx3 gene expression.	[71,111]
PRDM14	Regulates axon growth of primary motoneurons in Danio rerio by regulation of islet2 promoter activity.	[112]
PRDM15	Gene knock-out causes brain malformations via deregulation of NOTCH- and WNT- dependent pathway.	[113]
PRDM16/MEL1	Coordinates neuronal-dependent brain vascularization via SMOC1 protein.	[114]
	Involved in cortical neuron migration and positioning in part by repressing PDZRN3 expression.	[24,89]
FOG2/ZFPM-2	Controls axonal targeting and differentiation of corticothalamic projection neurons (by interaction with COUPTF1, GATA2, and GATA4 to reduce Citp2 expression).	[93]
	Together with GATA4 and GATA6 increases Kv4.2 gene (a subunit of somatodendritic A-type potassium channels) expression in PC12 neuron-like cell line.	[115]