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. 2020 Dec 5;9(12):872. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics9120872

Table 2.

Characteristics of 327 patients with hip and knee arthroplasties, with and without prosthetic joint infection, matched 1:2 by gender, age ± 5 years, type of prosthesis, primary or revision arthroplasty and year of index surgery.

Variable Total Knee Arthroplasty (n = 114) Total Hip Arthroplasty (n = 123) Partial Hip Arthroplasty (n = 90)
PJI
(n = 38)		 Non-PJI
(n = 76)		 p-Value * PJI
(n = 41)		 Non-PJI
(n = 82)		 p-Value * PJI
(n = 30)		 Non-PJI
(n = 60)		 p-Value *
Age, years—mean (standard deviation) 74 (5.7) 74 (5.8) 0.936 71 (9) 71 (8.3) 0.817 83 (6.1) 83 (6.0) 0.912
Charlson score ≥ 2—no. (%) 3 (7.9) 11 (15.8) 0.240 4 (9.8) 10 (12.2) 0.772 11 (36.7) 20 (33.3) 0.754
ASA > 2—no. (%) 11 (28.9) 24 (31.6) 0.774 13 (31.7) 28 (34.1) 0.787 17 (56.7) 39 (65) 0.442
Indications for arthroplasty

  • Osteoarthritis—no. (%)

 32 (84.2) 66 (86.8) 0.703 28 (68.3) 64 (78) 0.240 - - -

  • Aseptic loosening—no. (%)

 4 (10.5) 9 (11.8) 1 4 (9.8) 14 (17.1) 0.279 2 (6.7) 3 (5) 1

  • Periprosthetic fracture—no. (%)

 1 (2.6) 1 (1.3) 1 2 (4.9) 2 (4.9) 1 2 (6.7) 4 (6.7) 1

  • Fracture—no. (%)

 0 0 - 4 (9.8) 0 (0) 0.011 26 (86.7) 52 (86.7) 1

  • Dislocation—no. (%)

 0 0 - 3 (7.3) 0 (0) 0.035 0 (0) 1 (1.7) 1

  • Rheumatoid arthritis—no. (%)

 1 (2.6) 0 (0) 0.333 - - - - - -
Functional outcome

  • Able to walk without assistance—no. (%)

 22 (57.9) 59 (77.6) 0.028 15 (36.6) 61 (74.4) <0.001 2 (6.7) 7 (11.7) 0.712

  • Walking with one crutch—no. (%)

 10 (26.3) 16 (21.1) 0.528 21 (51.2) 16 (19.5) <0.001 5 (16.7) 18 (30) 0.172

  • Walking without assistance or with one crutch—no. (%)

 32 (84.2) 75 (98.7) 0.005 36 (87.8) 77 (93.9) 0.299 7 (23.3) 25 (41.7) 0.087

  • Walking with two crutches—no. (%)

 6 (15.8) 1 (1.3) 0.005 5 (12.2) 5 (6.1) 0.299 16 (53.3) 25 (41.7) 0.295

  • Unable to walk—no. (%)

 0 0 - 0 0 - 7 (23.3) 10 (16.7) 0.446
Functional ambulatory outcome in matched pairs of patients in which those with PJI were treated with DAIR PJI treated with DAIR (n = 27) Non-PJI (matched with DAIR-treated PJI) (n = 54) PJI treated with DAIR (n = 29) Non-PJI (matched with DAIR-treated PJI) (n = 58) PJI treated with DAIR (n = 27) Non-PJI (matched with DAIR-treated PJI) (n = 54)

  • Able to walk without assistance—no. (%)

 16 (59.3) 43 (79.6) 0.052 13 (44.8) 45 (77.6) 0.002 1 (3.7) 6 (11.1) 0.415

  • Walking with one crutch—no. (%)

 7 (25.9) 10 (18.5) 0.440 13 (44.8) 10 (17.2) 0.006 5 (18.5) 18 (33.3) 0.163

  • Walking without assistance or with one crutch—no. (%)

 23 (85.2) 53 (98.1) 0.040 26 (89.7) 55 (94.8) 0.396 6 (22.2) 24 (44.4) 0.051

  • Walking with two crutches—no. (%)

 4 (14.8) 1 (1.9) 0.040 3 (10.3) 3 (5.2) 0.396 14 (51.9) 20 (37.0) 0.203

  • Unable to walk—no. (%)

 0 0 - 0 0 - 7 (25.9) 10 (18.5) 0.440
Functional ambulatory outcome in matched pairs of patients in which those with PJI were treated with prosthesis exchange PJI treated with prosthesis exchange (n = 11) Non-PJI matched with exchange-treated PJI (n = 22) PJI treated with prosthesis exchange (n = 12) Non-PJI matched with exchange-treated PJI (n = 24) PJI treated with prosthesis exchange (n = 3) Non-PJI matched with exchange-treated PJI (n = 6)

  • Able to walk without assistance—no. (%)

 6 (54.5) 16 (72.7) 0.437 2 (16.7) 16 (66.7) 0.005 1 (33.3) 1 (16.7) 1

  • Walking with one crutch—no. (%)

 3 (27.3) 6 (27.3) 1 8 (66.7) 8 (25) 0.029 0 0 -

  • Walking without assistance or with one crutch—no. (%)

 9 (81.8) 22 (100) 0.104 10 (83.3) 22 (91.7) 0.588 1 (33.3) 1 (16.7) 1

  • Walking with two crutches—no. (%)

 2 (18.2) 0 0.104 2 (16.7) 2 (8.3) 0.558 2 (66.7) 5 (83.3) 1

  • Unable to walk—no. (%)

 0 0 - 0 0 - 0 0 -

ASA = American Society of Anesthesiologists; DAIR = debridement, antibiotics and implant retention; PJI = prosthetic joint infection. * Results in bold refer to those that are statistically significant.