Table 4.

Retargeting MV for binding to new receptors.

Blinding to	Introducing Property to Bind	Effect	Cell Type or Malignancy	Model and Type of Virus Delivery to Animals	Reference
	Via fusion of viral H protein with epidermal growth factor (EGF) or insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) receptor binding domains
None	EGF or IGF1 receptors	Infection of EGF or IGF1 receptor positive and CD46 negative cells	EGF or IGF1 receptor positive cells	Cell culture	[79]
	Via fusion of viral H protein with a single-chain variable fragment (scFv)
	Carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA)	Infection of CEA positive cells	CEA-positive cells	Cell culture	[80]
	CD20	Delayed growth	Fibrosarcoma	Xenografts; IP virus delivery	[81]
	CD38	Malignant cells less tumorigenic, animal survival prolonged	Multiple myeloma	Xenografts; construct premixed with tumor cells before implantation	[82]
	Via fusion of viral H protein with echistatin, which is a 49-residue peptide from family of disintegrins
	Integrin alpha(v)beta3	Tumor regressed or stabilized	Multiple myeloma	Xenografts; IT virus delivery	[83]