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HOP and its active compounds XN and IX reduce the expression of p53, AT1R, and p22phox. (A) Representative blots of p53, AT1R, and p22phox proteins of ECs in presence of FD alone or in combination with HOP extract and XN/IX. (B–D) Corresponding cumulative data of p53, AT1R, and p22phox, respectively. Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM (n = 3); # p < 0.05 vs. control (CTR); * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 vs. FD alone (CTR-FD).
