Figure 1.

Effects of the simultaneous treatment using multiple doses of baloxavir marboxil (BXM) or peramivir (PR) in chickens infected with a high pathogenicity avian influenza virus (HPAIV), A/BS/Akita/1/16. Eight chickens per group were infected with 10 CLD₅₀/100 µL (10^5.3 EID₅₀) of the HPAIV and treated immediately with 20 mg/kg of either BXM or PR; the untreated group was assigned as the control. (a) Survival of half the infected birds was followed until 14 days post-infection (dpi); vertical black arrows indicate the treatment schedule. (b) Virus recovery from organs collected at 3 dpi from four chickens in the control and each treatment group was assessed in monolayer Madin–Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells. The viral titer calculated as the average (n = 4) of each organ in the treatment group was compared to that of the control group. The black dotted line indicates the detection limit (10^1.5 TCID₅₀/g), whereas the bar indicates the standard deviation. (*, p < 0.05; ***, p < 0.001).