Table 2.
Risk of an incident infection according to the quartiles of serum Cu/Zn-ratio and Cu and Zn concentration
| Serum parameter | Quartile of serum parameter | P-trend | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | ||
| Serum Cu/Zn-ratio | 0.59–1.03 | 1.04–1.17 | 1.18–1.33 | 1.34–2.97 | |
| N of events/subjects | 140/494 (28.3%) | 157/493 (31.8%) | 174/495 (35.2%) | 165/493 (33.5%) | |
| IR/1000 PY | 13.8 | 16.0 | 18.4 | 19.0 | |
| Model 1 | 1 | 1.14 (0.91–1.43)a | 1.33 (1.06–1.66) | 1.35 (1.07–1.69) | 0.005 |
| Model 2 | 1 | 1.08 (0.86–1.36) | 1.28 (1.02–1.60) | 1.21 (0.96–1.53) | 0.054 |
| Serum Cu (μmol/L) | 7.24–15.58 | 15.59–17.31 | 17.32–18.88 | 18.89–36.51 | |
| N of events/subjects | 124/453 (27.4%) | 182/573 (31.8%) | 156/475 (32.8%) | 174/474 (36.7%) | |
| IR/1000 PY | 13.2 | 15.9 | 17.6 | 20.7 | |
| Model 1 | 1 | 1.17 (0.93–1.48) | 1.30 (1.03–1.65) | 1.60 (1.27–2.02) | < 0.001 |
| Model 2 | 1 | 1.13 (0.90–1.43) | 1.20 (0.94–1.52) | 1.39 (1.10–1.75) | 0.005 |
| Serum Zn (μmol/L) | 8.26–13.15 | 13.16–14.22 | 14.23–15.30 | 15.31–24.78 | |
| N of events/subjects | 177/493 (35.9%) | 141/499 (28.3%) | 161/493 (32.7%) | 157/490 (32.0%) | |
| IR/1000 PY | 20.2 | 14.4 | 16.3 | 16.2 | |
| Model 1 | 1 | 0.68 (0.54–0.85) | 0.80 (0.65–1.00) | 0.85 (0.69–1.06) | 0.307 |
| Model 2 | 1 | 0.71 (0.57–0.89) | 0.84 (0.67–1.04) | 0.83 (0.67–1.04) | 0.218 |
aValues are hazard ratio (95% confidence interval)
IR incidence rate, PY person-years
Model 1: adjusted for age and examination year
Model 2: adjusted for model 1 and history of coronary heart disease, stroke, cancer or diabetes (yes/no); smoking (never smoker, previous smoker, current smoker < 20 cigarettes/day, current smoker ≥ 20 cigarettes/day); education (years); income (euros/year); intake of alcohol (g/week); leisure-time physical activity (kcal/day); and body mass index