TABLE 2.
Association between dietary soy food intake and CRC risk in a pooled analysis of cohorts from China and Japan1
| Q1 (low) | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model | Cases | HR | Cases | HR (95% CI) | Cases | HR (95% CI) | Cases | HR (95% CI) | P-trend |
| Dietary isoflavone intake | |||||||||
| All participants | |||||||||
| Age-, energy-, and cohort-adjusted | 722 | 1.00 | 701 | 0.96 (0.87, 1.07) | 789 | 1.05 (0.95, 1.17) | 759 | 0.96 (0.86, 1.07) | 0.59 |
| Multivariate2,3 | 625 | 1.00 | 609 | 0.94 (0.83, 1.05) | 697 | 1.07 (0.95, 1.20) | 658 | 0.97 (0.86, 1.11) | 0.68 |
| Men4 | |||||||||
| Age-, energy-, and cohort-adjusted | 387 | 1.00 | 349 | 0.91 (0.78, 1.05) | 396 | 1.01 (0.88, 1.17) | 414 | 1.01 (0.87, 1.18) | 0.49 |
| Multivariate2,5 | 324 | 1.00 | 295 | 0.86 (0.73, 1.01) | 339 | 0.96 (0.81, 1.13) | 356 | 1.01 (0.85, 1.21) | 0.41 |
| Women | |||||||||
| Age-, energy-, and cohort-adjusted | 335 | 1.00 | 352 | 1.06 (0.91, 1.23) | 393 | 1.16 (0.99, 1.35) | 345 | 0.99 (0.84, 1.16) | 0.81 |
| Multivariate2,6 | 299 | 1.00 | 311 | 1.00 (0.85, 1.17) | 357 | 1.10 (0.93, 1.30) | 299 | 0.87 (0.72, 1.05) | 0.18 |
| Dietary soy protein intake | |||||||||
| All participants | |||||||||
| Age-, energy-, and cohort-adjusted | 719 | 1.00 | 726 | 0.99 (0.89, 1.10) | 754 | 1.00 (0.90, 1.11) | 772 | 0.96 (0.86, 1.07) | 0.49 |
| Multivariate2,3 | 626 | 1.00 | 625 | 0.96 (0.85, 1.07) | 673 | 1.01 (0.90, 1.14) | 665 | 0.98 (0.86, 1.12) | 0.67 |
| Men7 | |||||||||
| Age-, energy-, and cohort-adjusted | 384 | 1.00 | 351 | 0.91 (0.79, 1.05) | 404 | 1.03 (0.89, 1.19) | 407 | 0.99 (0.85, 1.15) | 0.70 |
| Multivariate2,5 | 323 | 1.00 | 293 | 0.86 (0.73, 1.01) | 353 | 1.00 (0.85, 1.18) | 345 | 0.99 (0.83, 1.18) | 0.65 |
| Women | |||||||||
| Age-, energy-, and cohort-adjusted | 335 | 1.00 | 375 | 1.11 (0.95, 1.29) | 350 | 1.02 (0.87, 1.19) | 365 | 1.03 (0.88, 1.21) | 0.95 |
| Multivariate2,6 | 300 | 1.00 | 331 | 1.06 (0.90, 1.24) | 318 | 0.95 (0.80, 1.12) | 317 | 0.93 (0.77, 1.12) | 0.29 |
Based on the cohort- and sex-specific quartiles. Please see Supplemental Table 2 for specific cutpoint values for each cohort. CRC, colorectal cancer; Q, quartile.
Adjusted for age, total energy, cohort, smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, BMI, family history of colorectal cancer, intake of red meat, vegetable intake, folate intake, and menopausal status in women.
Complete case analysis based on total sample size of n = 186,755 with 2589 colorectal cancer cases.
P for multiplicative interaction was 0.15 for isoflavone intake using likelihood ratio test from nested models.
Complete case analysis based on total sample size of n = 85,916 with 1314 colorectal cancer cases among men.
Complete case analysis based on total sample size of n = 100,204 with 1266 colorectal cancer cases among women.
P for multiplicative interaction was 0.14 for soy protein intake using likelihood ratio test from nested models.