Table 1.
Loneliness regressions for German males and females.
| MALES | FEMALES | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | Coefficient (SE) | Mean (SD) | Coefficient (SE) | |
| Disability status: | ||||
| Without disabilities (reference) | 0.866 | - | 0.889 | - |
| Moderate disability | 0.071 | 0.150 *** (0.0214) | 0.060 | 0.174 *** (0.023) |
| Severe disability | 0.063 | 0.237 *** (0.026) | 0.051 | 0.343 *** (0.028) |
| Age | 51.635 (17.13) | 0.087 *** (0.009) | 50.935 (16.82) | 0.055 *** (0.008) |
| Age2/1000 | 2.959 (1.80) | −1.605 *** (0.168) | 2.877 (1.77) | −1.106 *** (0.165) |
| Age3/1000 | 183.071 (156.18) | 0.009 *** (0.001) | 175.879 (155.18) | 0.006 *** (0.001) |
| Years of education | 12.598 (2.82) | −0.006 *** (0.002) | 12.382 (2.71) | −0.005 ** (0.002) |
| Marital status: | ||||
| Single | 0.159 | 0.181 *** (0.019) | 0.129 | 0.097 *** (0.019) |
| Living without partner | 0.090 | 0.211 *** (0.021) | 0.186 | 0.172 *** (0.016) |
| Living with partner (reference) | 0.751 | - | 0.685 | - |
| Existence of children in the household | 0.541 | −0.020 ** (0.009) | 0.593 | −0.018 * (0.009) |
| Household size | 2.697 (1.33) | 0.009 (0.007) | 2.644 (1.34) | −0.011 (0.007) |
| German | 0.923 | −0.115 *** (0.023) | 0.919 | −0.096 *** (0.021) |
| Log (real household income) | 5.416 (0.55) | −0.108 *** (0.012) | 5.338 (0.55) | −0.114 *** (0.011) |
| Employment status: | ||||
| Full-time | 0.552 | −0.152 *** (0.017) | 0.251 | −0.147 *** (0.015) |
| Part-time | 0.040 | −0.137 *** (0.026) | 0.244 | −0.135 *** (0.014) |
| Non-working (reference) | 0.407 | - | 0.505 | - |
| Relational Time Index (RTI) | 1.493 (0.56) | −0.059 *** (0.010) | 1.529 (0.56) | −0.117 *** (0.010) |
| Regional dummies | Yes | Yes | ||
| Year dummies | Yes | Yes | ||
| Constant | - | 0.491 *** (0.152) | - | 1.284 *** (0.143) |
| Number observations | 19,763 | 22,806 | ||
| R-squared | 0.065 | 0.068 | ||
Note: Individuals aged 16 or over. The standard errors (SE) are robust. * Significant at p < 0.1; ** significant at p < 0.05; *** significant at p < 0.01%. Source: Author’s calculations using the SOEP data for the years 2013 and 2017.