Figure 8.

The ACK (2n = 38) updated according to [9]. Conserved and rearranged chromosomes in each species (FCA and HSA) are highlighted in different shades (dark and light). In CFA, the chromosomes represented by a single element in the ACK are shown in dark blue, whereas split chromosomes are each highlighted in a different color. To the right of the ancestral chromosomes is the number from the ACK 2n = 42 nomenclature [5]. All seven syntenic associations of human chromosomes shared by representatives of the Eutheria clade (HSA 3/21, 4/8p, 7/16p, 10p/12pq/22qt, 12qt/22q, 14/15, and 16q/19q) [5,6,7,37,67] were detected in pinniped species [8,9]. Our present work confirmed that one fission (HSA1), one inversion (HSA4q/8p/4pq), and five fusions (1q/8p, 2q/13, 2/20, 19p+3/21, and 12qt/22pq+18) distinguish the ACK from the ancestral Eutherian karyotype [6,7,8,9,10].