Figure 1. Cox proportional hazard models comparing circulating metabolite levels with risk for atrial fibrillation during the median follow‐up time of 23.1 years.

Model 1 was adjusted for sex and age. Model 2 was adjusted for sex, age, smoking, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, alcohol intake, use of hypertensive medicine, N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide, and prevalent diabetes mellitus, heart failure, and coronary artery disease. The HR is calculated as the increase or decrease in risk per 1 SD increment of metabolite levels with 95% CI. HR indicates hazard ratio.