Examples of advanced nanocomposite hydrogels showing reinforced, smart or anisotropic characteristics. (A) Injectable hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels mechanically reinforced with cellulose nanocrystals (CNC). Reproduced with permission from [149], copyright 2015, American Chemical Society; (B) gelatin-based hydrogels with high electrical conductivity due to the incorporation of gold nanorods (GNRs). Adapted with permission from [166], copyright 2016, Elsevier; (C) anisotropic gelatin hydrogels produced by the magnetic alignment of magnetic-responsive particles (peg-mCNC). Reproduced with permission from [176], copyright 2019, American Chemical Society.