Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics and Medical History of KSHS Cohort Participants
| Characteristic | Overall | No Arrhythmia During Follow‐Up | Any Arrhythmia During Follow‐Up | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 182 488 | 167 763 | 14 725 | |
| Age, y | 36.5 (7.0) | 36.6 (7.0) | 36.3 (6.5) | <0.001 |
| Male, % | 102 698 (56.3) | 92 371 (55.1) | 10 327 (70.1) | <0.001 |
| 12‐mo PM2.5 mean, μg/m3 | 26.6 (2.3) | 26.2 (2.3) | 26.4 (2.2) | <0.001 |
| 36‐mo PM2.5 mean, μg/m3 | 26.3 (2.3) | 26.3 (2.3) | 26.5 (2.2) | <0.001 |
| 12‐mo PM10 mean, μg/m3 | 56.6 (7.5) | 56.4 (7.5) | 58.8 (7.0) | <0.001 |
| 36‐mo PM10 mean, μg/m3 | 55.6 (6.2) | 55.5 (6.2) | 57.6 (5.9) | <0.001 |
| 60‐mo PM10 mean, μg/m3 | 56.1 (5.3) | 56.0 (5.3) | 57.8 (5.2) | <0.001 |
| Height | 167.7 (8.3) | 167.5 (8.3) | 169.7 (7.9) | <0.001 |
| Weight | 65.6 (12.7) | 65.5 (12.7) | 66.5 (11.9) | <0.001 |
| Smoking | <0.001 | |||
| Never | 96 912 (53.1) | 90 894 (54.2) | 6018 (40.9) | |
| Former | 41 784 (22.9) | 37 396 (22.3) | 4388 (29.8) | |
| Current | 43 792 (24.0) | 39 473 (23.5) | 4319 (29.3) | |
| Alcohol intake | <0.001 | |||
| None | 50 091 (27.4) | 46 351 (27.6) | 3740 (25.4) | |
| Moderate | 115 219 (63.1) | 105 594 (62.9) | 9625 (65.4) | |
| High | 17 178 (9.4) | 15 818 (9.4) | 1360 (9.2) | |
| Daily physical activity | <0.001 | |||
| None | 110 357 (60.5) | 102 242 (60.9) | 8115 (55.1) | |
| <3 times | 54 608 (29.9) | 49 844 (29.7) | 4764 (32.4) | |
| 3 times or more | 17 523 (9.6) | 15 677 (9.3) | 1846 (12.5) | |
| Diabetes mellitus, % | 2254 (1.2) | 2090 (1.2) | 164 (1.1) | 0.176 |
| Hypertension, % | 19 006 (10.4) | 17 528 (10.4) | 1478 (10.0) | 0.121 |
| Systolic BP, mm Hg | 110.9 (13.5) | 110.8 (13.5) | 112.1 (13.1) | <0.001 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 0.9 (0.2) | 0.9 (0.2) | 1.0 (0.2) | <0.001 |
Numbers in the table are mean (SD) or count (%). BP indicates blood pressure; KSHS, Kangbuk Samsung Health Study; PM10, particulate matter of <10 μm in aerodynamic diameter; and PM2.5, particulate matter of <2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter.