. 2020 Nov 16;9(23):e017094. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.120.017094

Table 5.

Proposed Marker Set for Standard Inventory of Mesenchymal Cell Populations in Human Vasculature

Phenotype		Function		Pathological Conditions
Generic mesenchymal: vimentin⁺/CD31⁻/CD45⁻	Contractile, generic^*: αSMA⁺	Synthetic: P4HB⁺	Proinflammatory: IL‐6⁺/IL‐8⁺	EndoMT/stem cells: CD34⁺ ^† CD31⁺
Generic mesenchymal: vimentin⁺/CD31⁻/CD45⁻	Noncontractile: αSMA⁻	Synthetic: P4HB⁺	Proinflammatory: IL‐6⁺/IL‐8⁺	LeucoMT: CD45⁺

Construction scheme of proposed mesenchymal marker set selection. Suggestions for well‐working antibodies are provided in Table 1. Vimentin, in a marker set with CD31⁻/CD45⁻, will identify ≈95% of mesenchymal cells. αSMA will identify ≈95% of contractile mesenchymal cells. CD indicates cluster of differentiation; EndoMT, Endothelial‐to‐Mesenchymal cell Transition; IL‐6, interleukin 6; IL‐8, interleukin 8; LeucoMT, Leuccyte‐to‐Mesenchymal cell Transition; P4HB, prolyl 4‐hydroxylase β; and αSMA, α‐smooth muscle actin.

For a list of accessory contractile and focal adhesion markers, see Table 3.

OR,/ AND.