Table 4.
Mean Heart Rate and Blood Pressures by EC Device Type
| Mean (SD) | Heart rate (bpm)*† | Systolic (mm Hg)† | Diastolic (mm Hg)† | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cig‐A‐Like | Fixed | Variable | Cig‐A‐Like | Fixed | Variable | Cig‐A‐Like | Fixed | Variable | |
| EC (24 h) | 66.3 (11.4) | 69.8 (11.7) | 72.3 (12.3) | 118.9 (14.7) | 123.0 (15.8) | 116.6 (14.0) | 76.1 (11.3) | 79.0 (13.1) | 72.8 (11.1) |
| EC daytime (8 am–11 pm) | 69.7 (11.0) | 72.7 (10.7) | 77.1 (10.0) | 123.4 (13.1) | 127.1 (12.9) | 118.4 (10.4) | 80.1 (10.0) | 82.0 (11.3) | 74.8 (8.3) |
| EC Overnight (12 am–8 am) | 60.0 (9.2) | 64.5 (11.7 | 63.1 (10.7) | 110.8 (13.7) | 115.7 (17.9) | 113.0 (18.3) | 68.8 (10.0) | 73.5 (14.5) | 68.9 (14.3) |
| Abstinence (24 h) | 65.4 (10.7) | 68.3 (11.7) | 67.5 (11.2) | 113.3 (12.6) | 120.8 (17.6) | 114.0 (13.9) | 72.6 (10.2) | 76.1 (13.2) | 68.7 (9.9) |
Device effects compared in 24‐h measurements with nonlinear mixed models, which also included random effects for repeated measures within subject and fixed effects for treatment order. Two‐sided P values≤0.01: *Variable Tank>Fixed Tank>Cig‐a‐ Like †Fixed>Cig‐a‐Like>Variable. EC indicates electronic cigarette.