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. 2020 Dec 11;10(12):2377. doi: 10.3390/ani10122377

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Scheme 5 — Graphic representation of the main brain lesions associated with Coronavirus infections in animals. Typically, the virus disseminates to the brain either via the blood within monocytes or along the olfactory nerve through the olfactory epithelium (left of the image). Main lesions affecting cats, ferrets, and mice are represented by meningitis and ependymitis with perivascular cuffs. Lesions in mice are also characterized by syncytia of neurons, astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes. Necrosis and gliosis are common features in laboratory animals. Chronic infections in mice can result in demyelination. The scheme has been created with BioRender.com.