Table 2.

Dietary factors that potentially affect to microbiome (Updated from reference [25]).

Dietary Component	Reference	Model	Effects
Natural Components of the Diet
High fat + high sugar diet	Zhang (2012) [44]	C57BL/6J mice	Alteration of the microbiota with a decrease in diversity and an increase in opportunistic pathogens.
Fat	Le Chatelier (2013) [45] Hildebrandt (2009) [46]	Human	Increase in Proteobacteria and Firmicutes and decrease in Bacteroidetes
High fiber diet	Silveira (2017) [47]	BALB/c female mice	High fiber diet protected from acute colitis
Low fiber diet	Hand (2016) [48]	Human	Decrease in intestinal diversity with a predominance of Gram-negatives (Bacteroides, Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobia) and increase in lipopolysaccharides levels.

This table update the published by Levine [25].