Table 1.

Comparison between Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC).

Parameters	UC	CD
Gender [26,27]	Males	Females
Onset [28]	30–40 years of age	20–30 years of age
Site	Distal colon [3]	Any part of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) [2]
Complications	Cryptitis, fistulas, severe bleeding [3], and colon cancer	Strictures, abscesses, fistulas [2], colon cancer
Smoking	Protective role-reduced colectomy and sclerosing cholangitis [29]	Threatening—leading to gut irritation, an impaired immune response, and respiratory disease [30]
Post-Surgery	Surgically curable but higher risk for adults above 50 years due to postoperative complications like infections and abscesses [31]	Relapse even after the surgical removal of the affected portion and postoperative complications like short bowel syndrome [32]