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Activation of NRF2 by SPMs. LXA4 can activate NRF2 by inducing the phosphorylation of Ser40 of NRF2 to induce nuclear translocation. Phosphorylated NRF2 can form a heterodimer with sMAF and bind to ARE, leading to the transcription of antioxidant genes, such as HO-1, NQO-1, SOD, and TXN (modified from Lin et al. [173] and Hiebert et al. [52]).
