Table 4.
Factors associated with self-reported willingness to work during the COVID-19 pandemic.
| Perceived Willingness to Work | Unwilling to Work | Willing to Work | OR (Univariable) | OR (Multivariable) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 377) | (n = 674) | (95% CI, p–Value) | (95% CI, p–Value) φ | |
| Caste/ethnicity | ||||
| Brahmin/Chhetri | 203 (33.7) | 400 (66.3) | - | - |
| Madhesi/Muslim | 89 (42.6) | 120 (57.4) | 0.68 (0.50–0.95, p = 0.021) * | 1.11 (0.69–1.80, p = 0.659) |
| Janajati | 69 (39.7) | 105 (60.3) | 0.77 (0.55–1.10, p = 0.145) | 0.90 (0.62–1.31, p = 0.575) |
| Dalit | 7 (20.6) | 27 (79.4) | 1.96 (0.88–4.95, p = 0.121) | 1.74 (0.76–4.53, p = 0.215) |
| Other (Sanyasi, Giri, etc.) | 9 (29.0) | 22 (71.0) | 1.24 (0.58–2.89, p = 0.595) | 0.97 (0.43–2.36, p = 0.945) |
| Professional Category | ||||
| Doctor | 191 (51.5) | 180 (48.5) | - | - |
| Paramedics | 83 (26.9) | 225 (73.1) | 2.88 (2.09–3.99, p < 0.001) *** | 2.52 (1.79–3.58, p < 0.001) *** |
| Nurse/Midwife | 52 (30.1) | 121 (69.9) | 2.47 (1.69–3.64, p < 0.001) *** | 2.09 (1.40–3.17, p < 0.001) *** |
| Public Health Workers | 28 (23.0) | 94 (77.0) | 3.56 (2.26–5.77, p < 0.001) *** | 2.40 (1.47–4.01, p = 0.001) ** |
| Lab Worker | 11 (21.6) | 40 (78.4) | 3.86 (1.98–8.11, p < 0.001) *** | 3.54 (1.77–7.61, p = 0.001) ** |
| Other (Pharmacist, Ayurveda HW etc.) | 12 (46.2) | 14 (53.8) | 1.24 (0.56–2.79, p = 0.600) | 1.24 (0.54–2.89, p = 0.609) |
| Province | ||||
| Bagmati Province | 90 (44.1) | 114 (55.9) | - | - |
| Province 1 | 72 (37.3) | 121 (62.7) | 1.33 (0.89–1.99, p = 0.168) | 1.18 (0.77–1.81, p = 0.446) |
| Province 2 | 71 (45.5) | 85 (54.5) | 0.95 (0.62–1.44, p = 0.792) | 0.83 (0.47–1.45, p = 0.510) |
| Gandaki Province | 29 (42.0) | 40 (58.0) | 1.09 (0.63–1.90, p = 0.762) | 1.24 (0.69–2.22, p = 0.473) |
| Province 5 | 64 (41.8) | 89 (58.2) | 1.10 (0.72–1.68, p = 0.666) | 0.87 (0.56–1.37, p = 0.554) |
| Karnali Province | 17 (15.3) | 94 (84.7) | 4.37 (2.48–8.06, p < 0.001) *** | 2.96 (1.62–5.64, p = 0.001) ** |
| Far–West Province | 34 (20.6) | 131 (79.4) | 3.04 (1.92–4.90, p < 0.001) *** | 2.10 (1.28–3.48, p = 0.004) ** |
| Presence of Chronic Disease | ||||
| No | 313 (34.4) | 596 (65.6) | - | - |
| Yes | 64 (45.1) | 78 (54.9) | 0.64 (0.45–0.92, p = 0.015) * | 0.67 (0.46–0.99, p = 0.043) * |
| HWs having family members who need care | ||||
| No | 120 (31.5) | 261 (68.5) | - | - |
| Yes | 257 (38.4) | 413 (61.6) | 0.74 (0.57–0.96, p = 0.026) * | 0.72 (0.54–0.95, p = 0.021) * |
| Perceived Knowledge about COVID–19 | ||||
| Inadequate | 86 (47.5) | 95 (52.5) | - | - |
| Adequate | 291 (33.4) | 579 (66.6) | 1.80 (1.30–2.49, p < 0.001) *** | 1.81 (1.27–2.58, p = 0.001) ** |
| Perception of government response | ||||
| Unsatisfactory perception | 264 (39.5) | 404 (60.5) | - | - |
| Satisfactory Perception | 113 (29.5) | 270 (70.5) | 1.56 (1.20–2.05, p = 0.001) ** | 1.12 (0.83–1.51, p = 0.448) |
φ Odds Ratios were obtained by multivariate logistic regression adjusted for caste/ethnicity, Professional category, Province, Presence of Chronic Disease, health workers with family members requiring care, perceived knowledge of COVID-19, and perception of government response. * p-value < 0.05 at the 5% level of significance ** p-value < 0.01 at the 5% level of significance *** p-value < 0.001 at the 5% level of significance.